Вестник Кольского научного центра РАН. 2012, №1.

CONTENTS F.P. Mitrofanov, D.V. Zhirov, T.B. Bayanova COMPLEX FORECASTING AND PROSPECTING CRITERIA OF THE MAIN METALLOGENIC SPECIALIZATION (LOW-SULFIDE Pt-Pd OR SULFIDE Cu-Ni) FOR THE EARLY PROTEROZOIC BASIC-HYPERBASIC LAYERED MASSIFS OF CRYSTALLINE SHIELDS As a result of the long-term basic and applied research, complexes of indicators of the main metallogenic specialization (low-sulfide Pt-Pd or sulfide Cu-Ni) for the Early Proterozoic mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions of the Precambrian shields have been elaborated. On the basis of these complexes the forecasting and prospecting method has been developed. It allows prompt diagnosing the main metallogenic specialization of the layered intrusions within the crystal shields at the beginning of the geological survey. It will be useful for basing metallogenic forecasts, ranging geological objects in prospecting sequence, and also for planning the reproduction of the PGE and basic metals mineral resources. Keywords: metallogeny, Precambrian, mafic-ultramafic, isotope, petrology, geodynamics, strategic minerals, forecasting and prospecting criteria. V.V. Balagansky, V.R. Vetrin, L.N. Morozova, S.V. Mudruk, V.I. Pozhilenko REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND TECTONICS OF THE KOLA REGION: A SHORT REVIEW, NEWAPPOACHES AND RESULTS The regional geological studies and the most important new results obtained by the geological team of Laboratory for Regional Geology and Geophysics are reviewed. The change from the geosyncline concept to the concept of plate-tectonics for the Palaeoproterozoic and a development of new geotectonic models for the Archaean are pointed out. The Early Precambrian geology and tectonics should be studied using techniques characterizing geological objects and processes in quantitative parameters, but these studies should be based on results of geological mapping. Keywords: regional geology, tectonics, Archaean, Palaeoproterozoic, granitoids, Kola Region, Baltic Shield. T.B. Bayanova, F.P. Mitrofanov MAIN RESULTS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ISOTOPE-GEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE BALTIC SHIELD REGIONAL GEOLOGY New results of the U-Pb, Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr and 3 He/4He dating for the reference complexes in the eastern part of the Fennoscandian Shield implemented at the Kola Multiple Access Research Center are demonstrated: The rocks studied are the Palaeoarhaean TTG complex, Palaeoproterozoic layered PGE intrusions, and Palaeozoic carbonatites. New precise U-Pb single zircon and baddeleyite data obtained are given for purposes of regional geology. For the first time the Sm-Nd isotope system has been using rock- forming minerals and sulfides to date the ore genesis. Isotope geochemical values (eNd, TDm, ISr, 3 He/ 4 He) imply a large-scale igneous mafic reservoir of the enriched EM-1 mantle that produces the Palaeoproterozoic layered PGE intrusions (Mt. Generalskaya, Monchegorsk ore region, Fedorov-Pansky intrusion, Imandrovky lopolith, etc.) during 130 Ma (from 2.52. to 2.39 Ga) to break up the ancient Kenorland supercontinent. Keywords: U-Pb,baddeleyite, Sm-Nd sulfides, Kenorland supercontinent, Baltic Shield. Yu.L. Voytekhovsky, Yu.N. Neradovsky, N.N. Grishin, A.Sh. Gershenkop, A.G. Kasikov, T.N. Mukhina, E.Yu. Rakitina, A.G. Ivanova SOME PROMISING TRENTS OF STUDYING THE KOLA REGION MINERAL RAW MATERIALS Three types of the promising raw materials of the Kola Peninsula to follow have been studied: silicate nickel, titanomagnetite, and kyanite ores. Studying these is vital for their full-fledged use in the national economy. The raw materials have vast resources for the nickel, iron and alumina production, but currently there are no efficient technologies of their processing. The study level and research trends are estimated. Keywords: ores, nickel, iron, aluminum, silicate nickel, titanomagnetite, kyanite. P.K. Skufin OIL - ALTERNATIVE FOR HUMANITY The position of the planet-main mineral of oil is estimated. It is the world leader in the fuel and energy sector and a basis of the petrochemical industry. Oil is in detail described as a mineral. Its composition and physical and chemical properties are reviewed. The distribution of oil reservoirs in the planet's interior, proven reserves and prospects of their capacity are analyzed. With the current rate of the oil consumption, its proven reserves will be enough for about 40 years, the undiscovered ones will do another 10-50 years. The essential oil reserve of humanity is the oil preserved in tar sands and oil shales. The initial, main and final stages of the ore genesis are listed and dwelled on. Considered are the state and prospects of gas and 201