Вестник Кольского научного центра РАН. 2011, №1.

OF A RADIATION-HAZARDOUS FACILITY The results are shown of environmental safety analysis o f an underground isolation facility of radiation-hazardous materials for the analyzed scenarios o f the object evolution based on digital hydro­ geological models, i.e. a normal evolution scenario and three alternative ones. The investigations were carried out by verification computer codes PORFLOW and AQUA3D. The assessment o f ecological safety of the underground isolation facility of radiation-hazardous materials has been worked out for two potential northwestern region’s sites, Saida Bay and Dalnie Zelentsy. Possibilities of the methodical approach used are clearly demonstrated to substantiation of the facility location providing a level o f underground hydrosphere pollution which doesn’t exceed that of standard and definition o f the environment risk zone boundaries at level which can be negligible. Keywords: ecological safety o f underground hydrosphere, radiation-hazardous object, digital models. V.N. Pereverzev SOILS AND SOIL COVER OF KOLA PENINSULA: HISTORY AND MODERN CONDITION OF RESEARCHES Soil researches on Kola peninsula developed 30th years of XX century on the following directions: genesis and geographical distribution o f the basic types of soils, efficiency o f a vegetative cover, a chemical compound o f plants and a mineral exchange between ground and plants in ecosystems, yearly and long-term dynamics o f chemical elements in soils, a role o f organic matter in genesis and fertility of soils, regulation of fertility of soils, a problem o f pollution o f soils under influence o f industrial losses. Keywords: soil, genesis, mineral exchange, dynamics, organic matter, fertility, pollution. V.A. Putilov, M.G. Shishaev REGIONAL INFORMATIZATION AND ITS SOCIAL EFFECTS The paper considers regional informatization issues, Murmansk region taken as an example. The study analyses evolution and modern content o f such concepts as “informatization”, “information technologies”, “informatics” and “information society”. Special concern is given to social effects o f society informatization as well as their beneficial and detrimental aspects. Keywords: informatization, information society, social effects, social networks, distance education, E- business, cybercrime. O.M. Raspopov, V.V. Meshcheryakov XVI CENTURY - THE FIRST DEFINITION OF ELEMENTS GEOMAGNETIC FIELD ON RUSSIAN TERRITORY: KOLA PENINSULA AND ARKHANGELSK REGION Historical data on first measurements o f the Earth’s magnetic field element, i.e., magnetic declination, at the territory o f Russia are presented. They were carried out in the second half o f the XVI century in the North-Western region o f Russia in the areas o f the White and Barents seas and at the land territories adjacent to these seas, including Novaya Zemlya. Magnetic measurements were performed by English and Dutch navigators who were trying to find the North-Eastern route to India and China. The first written evidence of the use of compass by Russian coast dwellers is named. Keywords: geomagnetic studies, history, Barents and White seas. 125