Вестник Кольского научного центра РАН. 2010, №1.

Belisheva N.K., Vinogradov A .N ., Chernous S.A., Vashenyuk E.V., Tsymbaljuk N.I. MEDICO-BIOLOGICAL RESEACH IN SPITZBERGEN AS AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF BIOEFFECTIVENESS OF SPACE WEATHER The possibilities of performing of complex, interdisciplinary medico-biological and geophysical research at archipelago Spitzbergen for study of bioeffectiveness o f space weather are discussed. The uniqueness of archipelago Spitzbergen for conducting o f medico-biological investigation is explained. The results o f analysis o f morbidity dynamics in Russian settlements from 1980 to 2008 years at Spitzbergen are shown and the correlation between of morbidity and the space weather are demonstrated. Keywords: medico-biological research, space weather, archipelago Spitzbergen Evdokimova G.A., Pereverzev V.N., Zenkova I. V., Korneykova M. V., Redkina V. V. EVOLUTION OF TECHNOGENIC LANDSCAPES BY THE EXAMPLE OF TAILING DUMPS OAO «APATIT» A primary soil-forming process can take place on the concentration waste of apatite-nepheline ores, whose biological recultivation was carried out more than 40 years ago. This process is characterized by the following features: forming of a thin litter with the content of organic carbon at the level of 8-12%, accumulation of humic substances in the sub-litter layer and the change of рН values. Microorganisms are biocatalysts of primary soil formation processes and one of the main factors, that determine the specificity of this process. The prokaryotic complex of the newly formed soils, generated from nepheline sands, is considerably different from that of zonal soils on moraine sediments. The former ones are dominated by gram-positive bacteria, mainly actinobacteria, as well as by their filamentous forms (actinomycetes), whereas the latter ones are dominated by gram-negative bacteria. A common feature of invertebrate’s complexes in nepheline sands is the low species diversity, small-size and quickly development of microfauna and mesofauna representatives and the dependence of succession of microarthropods pioneer groups on the succession of bacteria and fungi. The recultivation of nepheline sands, carried out 40 years ago, provided prerequisites for the formation of complexes of bacteria and micromycetes, typical for regional podzolic soils. Keywords: soil-forming process, nepheline sands, organic matter, soil biota Denisov D.B. ALGAE COMMUNITIES’ ECOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES IN POLYTYPIC SUBARCTIC WATER OBJECTS Species composition and structure o f the phytoplankton and phytoperiphyton of the polytypic water objects from the different landscapes o f the Kola Peninsula have been researched. For the first time algae communities from the tundra and forest-tundra zone lakes o f the Barents Sea have been analyzed. The regularities of the water quality forming and alga communities’ development under mountain enterprises pollution were revealed The main algae communities ecology factors were determined. It was shown, that the present day water quality indexes, based on algae, strongly depends on correlation between toxic and biogenic pollution. Modern polytypic lakes trophic state changes trends were investigated. Keywords: algae communities, chlorophylls content, saprobic index, water quality Terent’ev P.M., Kashulin N.A. INVESTIGATION OF THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PARTICULARITIES OF THE HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN WHITEFISH FROM THE WATERBODIES OF THE NORTH FENNOSCANDIA The regularities of the heavy metals accumulation in whitefish o f the Northern Fennoscandia under the long-term industrial pollution were investigated. It was established that the accumulation o f priority pollutants in fish has the gradient character. The analyses o f concentration o f metals in the most sensitive load-dependent target-organs revealed that the freshwater ecosystems status o f the region have no significant improvements despite the major decreasing of industrial activity at the end o f the last century and sequential recent decline o f industrial emissions. The new tendency o f the increasing o f mercury accumulation in fish of investigated waterbodies was determined. This may be an evidence o f the global character o f distribution o f this element in subarctic areas. Keywords: heavy metals, industrial pollution, whitefish, North Fennoscandia 143