Вестник МГТУ, 2024, Т. 27, № 3.

Вестник МГТУ. 2024. Т. 27, № 3. С. 458-470. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21443/1560-9278-2024-27-3-458-470 Some of the experiments were carried out on an experimental laboratory installation adapted for the combined process of blanching and drying products (Fig. 2). Fig. 2. Experimental installation for blanching and drying products: 1 - blanching treatment unit; 2 - drying chamber; 3 - grids with processing objects; 4 - smoke generator; 5 - drying agent mixing unit; 6 - controller (source: compiled by the authors) Рис. 2. Экспериментальная установка для бланширования и сушки продуктов: 1 - блок обработки бланшированием; 2 - камера обезвоживания сушкой; 3 - сетки с объектами обработки; 4 - генератор дыма; 5 - блок смешивания тепловых агентов; 6 - контроллер (источник: составлено авторами) The technique of finding critical points corresponding to the achievement of critical moisture wki in a certain period xki has been used in the research. The technique consists of the dehydration kinetics curves construction in semi-logarithmic coordinates. They are seen as broken lines from a curve and two or three straight lines (Ershov, 1992; Pokholchenko et al., 2015; 2022). To establish generalized patterns and mathematical modeling of heat treatment processes, methods of similarity theory were used (Glazunov et al., 2013) to find the similarity of the phenomena under research based on the definition of dimensionless criteria-simplices of the form: ■ =... = const, X(« )i V ) i X(k1)n X (k 2)n ■= f - = f X X X n n Wk1 W k 2 VXk1 Xk2 J W KX ki J Results The kinetics of the processes of dehydration of non-fishing objects - cephalopods as the example of squids and octopuses under various modes and methods of heat treatment has been studied. It is well known that the dehydration of food materials during the process is accompanied by transitions from moisture with a lower binding energy to that with a higher one. At the same time, the kinetics curves of dehydration of wet materials contain critical points corresponding to transitions between various forms of moisture-substance bonding. There can be from one to several such critical points on the dehydration kinetics curves (Ershov, 1992; Glazunov et al., 2013; Lykov, 1998; Pokholchenko et al., 2015, 2022). For example, during the dehydration of fish raw materials, the presence of two critical moistures was established regardless of the nature of the thermal effect on the processing object. The critical moistures wk1 and wk2 with sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations are described by the following equations (Ershov, 1992): wk l = 1.069ю0969, (1) ®*2 = 0.784ю0+ 2, (2) where w 0 is the initial moisture content in the material, expressed in terms of dry matter, %. The critical moisture during dehydration of fish raw materials generally depends only on its initial moisture content as can be seen from expressions (1) and (2). Initially the task was to identify how many critical points arise during the dehydration of such capillary- porous colloidal food materials as cephalopods (Fig. 3). It was also necessary to clarify whether it was possible 461