Вестник МГТУ, 2021, Т. 24, № 2.

Шеков В. A. Природные риски и системы мониторинга. Various natural disasters, whether they are related to the forces of nature or caused by any human activity, are united by only one factor: this is elementality. This means that if humanity does not pay attention to these events, then they can bring a lot of trouble. The only correct solution in such situations is to monitor the causes of such natural events, study their mechanisms, and predict the likelihood of their happening. Thus, we will be able to transfer these events from the category o f elemental to the category of controlled. The paper proposes various methods and measures to reduce risks when using mining and industrial heritage sites for tourism purposes. As part of the development of requirements for documenting underground workings used for tourism purposes, the idea of documenting underground and open mining workings based on creating full-scale polygonal models with the help of photogrammetry technology has been proposed. This will allow one to track the deformation changes in the surrounding areas over time. For small distances not exceeding the first tens of meters, the technology of controlling the movement of the rock parts with the help of laser devices of small cost has been developed. This makes it possible to control large rock masses at a low cost. Daily visual inspection is a standard requirement for inspection activities in all mine workings. The paper provides methodical techniques and modes when assessing the possibility of applying underground mines to use it as tourist sites. The foundations for monitoring the sustainability using workings in the process of their application for non-mining purposes have been laid. Acknowledgments The work was carried out at the Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, within the framework of theme No. 210 under the state order in accordance with the project No. АААА-А18-118020290175-2. Conflict of interests The author declares no conflict of interest. References Belikov, B. P., Petrov, V. P. 1977. Facing stone and its assessment. Moscow. (In Russ.) Borisov, P. A. 1949. Karelian decorative stone. Petrozavodsk. (In Russ.) Mining road. 2014. Ed. V. A. Shekov. Petrozavodsk. (In Russ.) Oskolkov, V. A. 1991. Facing stones of deposits o f the Soviet Union. Moscow. (In Russ.) Sementovsky, Yu. V. 1998. Mineral raw materials. Facing stones: Reference book. Moscow. (In Russ.) Severgin, V. M. 1805. Review of Russian Finland. Mineralogical and other notes made during a trip to it in 1804 by Academician, Collegiate Counselor and Cavalier Vasily Severgin. Saint Petersburg. (In Russ.) Shekov, V. A., Skamnitskaya, L. S., Ivanov, A. A., Sokolov, S. Ya. et al. 2018. Device for measuring displacement of the roof of rocks, Russian Federation, Pat. 188601. (In Russ.) Shekov, V., Shekov, K., Ivanov, A., Fulawka, K. et al. 2019. Safe use of mining-and-industrial heritage and underground space in tourism sector. Proceedings XIX International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2019. 30 June - 06 July 2019, Albena Co., Bulgaria, pp. 569-577. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5593/ sgem2019/1.3. Sobolevsky, V. P. 1839. Geognostic survey of old Finland and description of Ruskol marble quarries. Saint Petersburg. (In Russ.) Ziskind, M. S. 1989. Decorative cladding stones. Leningrad. (In Russ.) Библиографический список Беликов Б. П., Петров В. П. Облицовочный камень и его оценка. М. : Наука, 1977. 139 с. Борисов П. А. Карельский декоративный камень. Петрозаводск : Государственное издательство Карело­ Финской ССР, 1949. Mining road. Ed. V. A. Shekov. Petrozavodsk : Karelian Research Centre RAS, 2014. 320 p. Осколков В. А. Облицовочные камни месторождений СССР. М. : Недра, 1991. 271 с. СементовскийЮ. В. Минеральное сырье. Облицовочные камни : справочник. М. : Геоинформмарк, 1998. 23 с. Севергин В. М. Обозрение Российской Финляндии. Минералогические и другие примечания, учиненные во время путешествия по оной в 1804 году Академиком, Коллежским Советником и Кавалером Василием Севергиным. СПб., 1805. 226