Вестник МГТУ. 2019, Т. 22, № 1.

Вестник МГТУ. 2019. Т. 22, № 1. С. 64-71. DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2019-22-1-64-71 O. V. Bazarsky, Zh. Yu. Kochetova Model of evaporation of kerosene droplets in the atmosphere and pollution of soil around the airfield Pollution of soils near airport territories is caused by formation and dispersion of kerosene droplets during its incomplete combustion in afterburner operation of the aircraft engine. With constant impact on the environment even small amounts of unburned fuel over decades of operation of airfields (primarily military), the contribution of this component to soil contamination becomes no less significant than with emergency discharges. The description of kerosene dropping is based on the fact that the exhaust gases of aircraft engines and drainage systems cannot condense, as they are at temperatures above the critical temperature for kerosene. To condense, they are to become vaporized. Cooling of exhaust gases and condensation of kerosene vapors occurs with a high level of air flow turbulence. As a result, gas-dynamic formations with different mass are formed reaching condensation temperatures, turning into drops of liquid kerosene. Taking into account the set of random processes occurring during turbulent cooling of kerosene, droplet size distribution is Gaussian. The constructed mathematical model of kerosene soil pollution near the airfield shows that environmentally hazardous pollution is observed at a distance of up to 100 m from the edge of the runway. During the study of the soils of the near­ aerodrome territory of the Baltimor airfield (Voronezh), it has been determined that the nearest residential area is located 1.8 km from the runway, where the level of soil contamination with kerosene is determined below the MPC. In the southern direction from the airport at the distance of 300-1500 m there is a village with a predominant soil type - Chernozem; here kerosene accumulates, the MCL excess is exceeded by 4-12 times. A fairly complete agreement has been obtained between the calculated and experimental data (R = 0.81), despite the fact that the theoretical calculations did not take into account changes in the altitude of the aircraft flights. Key words: mathematical model, evaporation of droplets, kerosene, around-airfield territory, pollution of soils Article info: received 09.02.2018; received in revised 18.10.2018 71