Север и рынок. 2023, № 2.

СЕВЕР И РЫНОК: формирование экономического порядка. 2023. № 2. С. 189-200. Sever i rynok: formirovanie ekonomicheskogo poryadka [The North and the Market: Forming the Economic Order], 2023, no. 2, pp. 189-200. НАУЧНЫЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ Sustainability" are two such WGs that focus on environmental and climate issues and ways to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Additionally, G20 engagement groups (EGs) bring together countries' civil society organisations, parliamentarians, think tanks, women, youth, labour, businesses and researchers. These groups, comprising non­ governmental participants, provide recommendations to the G20 leaders and contribute to the forum's policymaking processes. Among others, the 11 EGs include61 Science20 (S20), which presents policymakers with consensus based science-driven recommendations formulated through task forces comprising international experts; 62 and Think20 (T20), which serves as an "ideas bank" for the G20 by bringing together think tanks and high-level experts to discuss relevant international socio-economic issues. T20 recommendations are synthesised into policy briefs and presented to G20 WGs, ministerial meetings and leaders' summits to help the G20 deliver concrete policy measures. In summary, can India's G20 presidency and "the world is but one family" agenda kickstart new dialogues with the Arctic Council by using its "Sherpa Track" personal emissaries dialogues to expeditiously revive scientific engagement in the Arctic and using its Scientific & Think Tank engagement groups to initiate reconciliation among the Arctic Council State members? Conclusions In analyzing geopolitical interests and international partnerships in the Arctic we found, that prior to 2022, the Arctic was celebrated as a bastion of international cooperation and was one of the few arenas to remain outside the broader global geopolitics. Following the Russian-Ukraine conflict in 2022, this arena of cooperation came to an abrupt end. Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States released a statement saying they would pause their activities in the Arctic Council. Russia was suspended from Arctic regional bodies, such as the Barents Euro-Arctic Council and the Northern Dimension. At the same time, traditionally non-aligned, Sweden and Finland began their NATO accession processes. When it became clear that the Russian- Ukraine conflict would not end imminently, the remaining seven Arctic states allowed some resumption of work in the Council on projects (more than 70 out of 128) that did not involve Russia. A year later, important questions remain about the future of the Arctic Council and its international cooperation among the Arctic Council State members. Restrictions, imposed by funding agencies in Europe and the USA have stopped the sharing of data between 26This week inAsia, April 27, 2022, https://www.scribd.com/article/5719302 31/Will-Russia-Sanctions-Freeze-Asia-s-Climate-Change-Research-On- The-Arctic. ©Туинова С. С., Бакстер К., 2023 scientists. Consequently, shared scientific research has stopped. Furthermore, the suspension of activities within the Arctic Council cascades across to the activities of Arctic Council Observer states (including India who possesses this status) because the rules for Observers is that their engagement inside the Arctic Council is at the level of Working Groups and they are not empowered to propose projects within these working groups [3]. Consequently, work undertaken by Asian observers is through Arctic working forum groups. Lanteigne, from the University of Tromso commented that New Delhi's Arctic initiatives could be affected both by the pause in the Councils activities and the resulting "diplomatic chasm" that has opened between The 7 Arctic States and Russia26. Our results demonstrate that since 2013, India's interest in Arctic affairs has grown and that today, in 2023, through involvement, participation and achievement in scientific works of importance, India as a non-Arctic State, has set out to establish itself as a permanent and an influential presence within the Arctic. India's focus on cryospheric research — the study of permafrost, snow and ice — has assisted in increasing the understanding of the Arctic oceanography, atmosphere, pollution, and microbiology. Since 2011, India has continually been monitoring the ecosystem in the Gulf of Kongsfjorden of the Arctic region for climate change studies. From 2014 through to the present day, India has been monitoring cloud precipitations in the Arctic. In 2016 India established an atmospheric laboratory at Gruvebadet in Ny-Alesund. Since 2016, India conducted research into mass balance and dynamics of glaciers of Spitsbergen/Svalbard. India's access to the most highly developed space programs in the world, plus its vast expertise in providing satellite communications and digital technology in remote areas do certainly position the country well towards achieving its goal to establish a greater, permanent presence in the Arctic region. India's Arctic Policy (2022) aims to prepare the country for a future in which the greatest challenges facing humanity, such as climate change, can only be successfully addressed through collective good will and concerted effort. India can, and is ready to play its part and contribute to the global good. The authors conclude that India has successfully managed to position itself to achieve this goal. What remains unclear at the time of writing this paper is how this goal will be realized geopolitically, and how a greater Indian presence in the Arctic will manifest itself. The authors note that while US and Europe have raised sanctions against Russia, India has refused to criticise Russia or to back the Western sanctions against Russia. India has historically maintained good relationships with Russia27. Russia remains an important supplier of weapons and, more recently, oil. The authors suggest that either through 27Carnegie Endownment for International Peace, Russia and India: A new chapter. 20-09-2022. https://carnegieendowment.org/2022/09/20/russia- and-india-new-chapter-pub-87958. 199