Север и рынок. 2023, № 2.

СЕВЕР И РЫНОК: формирование экономического порядка. 2023. № 2. С. 189-200. Sever i rynok: formirovanie ekonomicheskogo poryadka [The North and the Market: Forming the Economic Order], 2023, no. 2, pp. 189-200. НАУЧНЫЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ Table 3 The goals of India's Arctic Policy (2022) Ref # Goal 1 To enhance India's cooperation within the Arctic region: To enhance understanding of the impact of climate change in the Arctic region on India's climate, economic, and energy security 2 To harmonise polar research with the third pole — the Himalayas: To study the linkages between polar regions and the Himalayas and deepen the cooperation between India and the countries of the Arctic region under various Arctic forums, drawing expertise from scientific and traditional knowledge 3 To contribute to efforts to enhance humankind's understanding of the Arctic region: To strengthen institutional and human resource capacities within the government and academic, research and business institutions through inter-ministerial coordination in pursuit of India's interests in the Arctic 4 To strengthen international efforts on combating climate change and protection of the environment: To strengthen national capabilities and competencies in science and exploration, climate and environmental protection, maritime and economic cooperation with the Arctic region 5 To advance the study and understanding of the Arctic within India: To increase India's participation in the Arctic Council and improve understanding of the complex governance structures in the Arctic, relevant international laws, and geopolitics of the region * Compiled by the authors according to India's Arctic Policy (2022). III. India as Presidency o f the Group of 20 (G20) in 2022/2023 The Group of 20 (G20) is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It does not have a permanent secretariat. One member country takes over the presidency each year. The G20 Presidency steers G20 agenda for the coming year. The groups agenda is spilt into two tracks, one led by finance ministers (referred to as the Finance Track) and one led by emissaries of member countries (referred to as the Sherpa track). During its term, India will hold more than 200 meetings across some 50 cities involving ministers, officials and civil society, leading up to a marquee summit in the capital New Delhi in September 2023. The summit will be attended by around 30 heads of state and government, from G20 members and invited countries22. Figure 3 provides a detailed picture of the countries that are either an Artic Council State member or an Observer and also a G20 member. This paper notes that the G20 is extremely relevant to the Arctic with many Arctic State or Observer countries also being members of the G20 forum. We suggest that India as a member of G20 and as G20 Presidency in 2022-2023 can act as a creditable and legitimate mediator to better promote security and to restore stability within the Arctic region. The resumption of scientific exchange is an imperative that can be ignored only at the cost of collective detriment to the world. On 1st December 2022 India assumed the role of the G20 Presidency through to 30 November 202323. The G20 agenda includes climate change, sustainable development and the environment, all of which are under threat due to the cessation of Artic-related scientific engagement involving Russia. The G20 also represents a rare platform where engagement between Russia and the West has not yet ceased. The suspension of dialogue and scientific exchange in the Arctic is driven by a deep distrust that will need to be overcome by a "speaker" that is acceptable to all stakeholders. India's theme for its G20 Presidency resonates strongly with the Arctic and its impact on the world. If the resumption of Arctic-related scientific exchange is to become an achievable goal, can India, which has the legitimacy, credibility and relevance, use its G20 Presidency to strive for a resumption of scientific research in the Arctic? In setting out the platform's G20 priorities for the year, is there an opportunity for New Delhi to play an important role in strengthening a resumption of Arctic Council engagements within all the Arctic Council State members? From a geopolitical perspective, India could leverage its historical and amenable ties with Russia and through 200 or more to come G20 roundtable meetings, could bring about a discussion and diplomacy for peace towards reconciliation. This would certainly echo Prime Minister Narendra Modi's G20 communique message to Russian President Vladimir Putin that "today's era must not be of war"24. 22Reuters, 2nd December 2022, India G20 presidency 2023: What does it mean and what can we expect. https://www.reuters.com/world/india/ india- g20-presidency-2023-what-does-it-mean-what-can-we-expect-2022-12-02/. 23 India .gov.in National Portal of India, https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/ group-twenty-g20. 24 Opportunities and challenges of India's G20 Presidency. 27 Dec 2022. https://www.politico.eu/article/opportunities-and-challenges-of- india-pm-narendra-modi-g20-presidency/. ©Туинова С. С., Бакстер К., 2023 197