Север и рынок. 2022, № 4.

СЕВЕР И РЫНОК: формирование экономического порядка. 2022. № 4. С. 112-120. Sever i rynok: formirovanie ekonomicheskogo poryadka [The North and the Market: Forming the Economic Order], 2022, no. 4, pp. 112-120. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ФИНАНСОВО-БЮДЖЕТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ НА СЕВЕРЕ И В АРКТИКЕ AG, PJSC Norilsk Nickel, PJSC Severstal, PJSC Sibur and PJSC Phosagro are located in the Arctic region. All the above-mentioned companies are also life support operators of the arctic single-industry towns (Kovdor, Kirovsk (Khibinogorsk), Monchegorsk, Olenegorsk, etc.), and in some cases — of entire territories (Vorkuta agglomeration), which imposes a special responsibility on them. Active implementation of projects in the above-mentioned areas often leads to environmental problems. In particular, there was a notorious case involving the ingress of chemicals into the soil near the city of Norilsk on May 29, 2020 due to a fuel spill during the depressurization of a diesel fuel tank at the CHPP-3 in Kayerkan (district of Norilsk), owned by a subsidiary of PJSC "Nornickel". Such incidents have a negative impact not only on the economic state of the enterprise (the company paid a fine of 146.2 billion rubles3), but also on its image in the eyes of society. Today, companies are paying more and more attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR), which consists of observing the interests of the whole society, including ecology. Neglect of environmental standards can have an extremely negative impact on the company in the long term. This should be taken into account by all the companies implementing large investment projects, since in the event of a leak or a breakdown in production, the possible negative effect will be very significant. The same PJSC "Norilsk Nickel" also faces production-induced risks, such as the collapse of the gallery of the crushing workshop on the territory of the Norilsk processing plant on February 20, 20214. The deterioration of the infrastructure and the facilities of enterprises themselves in the Arctic region logically causes increasing concern both in Russia and abroad. Since the implementation of projects in the Arctic region is associated with various risks, business and government representatives often involve consulting companies for timely identification and effective solution of emerging problems. The specifics of the activities of consulting companies It should be noted that consulting is defined as professional assistance to managers from specialists, consisting in jointly developed solutions based on the analysis of existing problems of functioning and the potential for further development of the enterprise. Today most companies face various difficulties in the process of conducting their economic activity. Due to market fluctuations, globalization [10], technological innovation along with the introduction of new legislative initiatives, companies are forced to revise their development strategies on a regular basis. At the same time, any changes 3 Nornikel paid a record fine for an environmental disaster in the Arctic. Available at: https://www.forbes.ru/newsroom/biznes/423055-nornikel- vyplatil-rekordnyy-shtraf-za-ekologicheskuyu-katastrofu-v-arktike. in the company's activity affect the interests of its stakeholders. To resolve emerging problems, companies often turn to the services of consulting agencies in order to obtain unbiased expert opinion [11]. The involvement of consultants provides an expert solution to the problematic situation, as well as helps to identify possible risks and ways to eliminate or minimize them in advance. The purchase of consulting services is currently considered a more effective investment of funds than the purchase of material assets in many developed countries. When it comes to the advantages of consulting agencies as opposed to in-house specialists, one can note the impartiality of their judgment and a wider range of expertise. Due to the peculiarities of working in a consulting company, these professionals possess extensive knowledge in various areas of business and have the ability to use the successful experience of the previous projects in their work. Such characteristics as deep understanding of strategic management, analytical skills and practical approach to problem-solving are what define a modern professional in the field of consulting [12]. The activity of consulting companies began to evolve at the beginning of the XX century when a corresponding demand arose on behalf of industrial enterprises due to technological and economic changes. It became obvious that without the introduction of strategic, marketing and human resources management it would be impossible to effectively develop a business. In 1926, the largest modern consulting agency McKinsey &Company was founded by J. McKinsey and A. T. Kearney [13]. Modern consulting services can be divided into several areas. 1. Management consulting — designed to achieve positive dynamics of the main indicators of the company, determine the strengths of the business and its competitive advantages, reduce the current expenses of the enterprise, develop a development strategy and recommendations for eliminating existing problems, overcoming the crisis, helps to establish which places of the company are most vulnerable, corrects the company's activities as a whole. This type of consulting includes HR consulting (HR technologies, training and development, talent management, etc.), operational consulting (process management, procurement management, financial management, outsourcing, project management, supply chain management, etc.), strategic consulting (corporate strategy, economic policy, mergers and acquisitions policy, functional strategy, organizational strategy, etc.). 2. Financial consulting is a complex of services that are designed to build a reliable and functional financial management system, based on solving financial problems 4 The collapse of the gallery of the workshop occurred at the mining and processing plant in Norilsk. Available at: https://www.interfax.ru/russia/751845. © Спиридонов А. А., Гладкий Ю. Н., Эйдемиллер К. Ю., Биктимирова Р. Р., Фадеева М. Л., 2022 115