Север и рынок. 2022, № 4.

СЕВЕР И РЫНОК: формирование экономического порядка. 2022. № 4. С. 112-120. Sever i rynok: formirovanie ekonomicheskogo poryadka [The North and the Market: Forming the Economic Order], 2022, no. 4, pp. 112-120. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ФИНАНСОВО-БЮДЖЕТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ НА СЕВЕРЕ И В АРКТИКЕ until 2020"1 and renewed in 2020 by the Presidential Decree No. 645 up to 2035, according to which the Arctic zone is proposed to be used as a strategic resource base to accelerate Russia's economic growth, and the Northern Sea Route is considered as one of growth drivers. These documents distinguish the most significant directions of socio-economic development in the Russian Arctic. In order to execute the Program and the Decree, conceptual, legislative, methodological, organizational and technical bases are being formed. It should be noted that the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is directly related to the implementation of investment projects aimed at creating infrastructural facilities, industrial complexes, etc. However, general analysis of research and development shows that activities in the Arctic are associated with specific aspects and the following problems: human security and adaptation to climatic and environmental change in the Arctic [2]; economic and social development of the Arctic (including the well-being of ethnic minorities of the North); mobile communication and transport infrastructure; international cooperation for economic development [3]; multilateral cooperation on key economic issues [4]; air traffic and international navigation within the Northern Sea Route; impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the health of the people living and working there and on the realization of sustainable development goals of the Arctic region2; impact of digital innovation on the transformation of production processes in terms of cyclical dynamics [5]. Theoretical foundations and research methodology The paper is based on fundamental works of researchers in economy, political and social sciences, i. e. "Three-Dimensional Trends Superposition in Digital Innovation Life Cycle Model. International Journal of Technology" (V. Minakov) [6], "The essence and problems of modern management consulting" (N. Israfilov) [7], "Memories of the future. Ideas of the modern economy" (M. Khazin) [8] as well as on research papers created with the assistance of Wiseadvice. In this study, we used the historical method, systems approach, comparative analysis, classification, expert assessment method, as well as complex methods of classical theoretical research. Features of project implementation in the Arctic region The particular nature of the Arctic region is that small and medium-sized businesses as well as local administrations do not have sufficient financial resources and competence in the field of managing large projects that would allow large-scale investments in the region. 1Strategy of development of Russian Arctic Zone for the period until 2020. Available at: https://minec.govmurman.ru/activities/strat_plan/arkticzone/. This is especially true for extremely capital-intensive and complex projects related to the extraction of minerals. Therefore, in most cases, it is the large mining companies that become the drivers of the most serious changes in the region. The largest Russian companies in the Arctic are engaged in the production of hydrocarbons and the exploration of new fields. Such projects are of great importance for the development of the region, as they attract large- scale investments and cause the most serious changes in the region. To this day, the key Russian companies implementing such investment projects in the Arctic region are the following: 1) PJSC "Gazprom" (the company has 30 licenses for fields located in the Arctic region (including the gas production center on the Yamal Peninsula, the Shtokman field in the central part of the Barents Sea shelf, the Urengoy field, etc.); 2) PJSC "Gazprom Neft" (the company is implementing 3 major projects within the framework of the Arctic Time program: the development of the Novoportovskoye, Prirazlomnoye and Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye fields); 3) PJSC "Rosneft" (the company owns 28 license areas on the Arctic shelf with total resources of 34.6 billion tons of oil equivalent); 4) PJSC "NOVATEK" (the company supplies LNG via the Northern Sea Route, achieving significant savings in transport costs (about $ 3.2 million per flight); 5) PJSC "LUKOIL" (the company is engaged in the development of the onshore part of the East Taimyr section and the construction of the Varandey terminal). Among the companies actively operating in the Arctic region, it is also necessary to highlight the GC "ROSATOM", which is endowed with the function of a single infrastructure operator of the Northern Sea Route. According to the plan for the development of the infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route until 2035, the company is responsible for a wide range of activities: from the development of the infrastructure for large investment projects and the preparation of conditions for transit navigation along the Northern Sea Route to solving problems of medicine and personnel support for navigation in the Arctic. In 2019, Rosatom initiated the Northern Sea Transit Corridor (NSTC) project to create a new offer on the international market of logistics services for the delivery of goods between Europe and Asia via the Northern Sea Route. This project involves the creation of an integrated transport and logistics system for international transit sea transportation of cargo, as well as the construction of a commercial fleet and transport and logistics hubs [9]. In addition, investment projects in the metallurgical and chemical industries are being implemented in the Arctic region. Thus, the production facilities of EuroChem Group 2IEA, Global Energy Review 2020: The impacts of the Covid-19 crisis on global energy demand and CO 2 emissions. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/global- energy-review-2020. © Спиридонов А. А., Гладкий Ю. Н., Эйдемиллер К. Ю., Биктимирова Р. Р., Фадеева М. Л., 2022 114