Север и рынок. 2021, № 1.

•Smart design •Cloud Connectivity •Cross Sectional Teams •Learning Engineering •Share holder involvement in goal creation Predictable Maintenance Just in Time production Lean processes Machine Learning, Robotics Testing of processes on digitaltwins Modeling of new processes Accurate Sensors to monitor processes •Blockchain Technology in Procurement, governmet , supervision and logistic •Industry just in timecooperaation •International Just in time Cooperation Shareholder Engagement Shareholder satisfaction valuation R&D modeling and simulations Machine Learning identification new sources of value F ig . 4. Components on the Creation of Digital Value [2] The above diagram shows the value creation o f digital systems in the logistic chain on Oil and Gas operations in the Arctic. The first sector is Inborn sustainability which means that the company is designed smart and sustainable, with connectivity with shareholders, the goals such as reduced waste water, treatment o f waste water o f vessels are achieved through the tools described. The Accountability sector creates shareholder value by minimizing risk o f exposure to negative events, reducing legal liabilities, reducing error and providing just in time systems, the main tool to do this blockchain technology. The efficiency sector is the most important in the process o f digitalization and this is where accurate sensors, predictable maintenance, robotics, Modeling o f new production through digital twins. While the goal o f a company is profitability a smart company views Profitability also as a sector where digitalization can increase the flow o f value to other sectors, in doing so a company maintains competitive advantage by continuous innovation through the use o f tools such as Machine learning identification o f value centers and new value. One o f the greatest challenges in the Arctic is the provision o f accurate data since the region is difficult to study and until recent times has been rarely studied [19]. The recent disappearance o f the ice cover over the northern passage presents new opportunities, but also new risks. Some regions might have more broken ice, minor icebergs, or be icebergs. Satellite, submarine, accosting and aerial detection technologies, such as the use o f drones, allows us to better measure icebergs and ice cover [7]. The accuracy o f such sensors is linked to their effective use and their integration to predictive maintenance. In this study the measure o f accuracy includes effectivity which covers proper quantity, dispersion o f sensors, efficiency under Arctic conditions, and resolution to sense the target factors [13]. Another risk factor of operations in the Arctic seas and through the Northern route is the possibility o f current interference and wind events that can be very strong during certain times o f the year. These events could significantly impede operations and require specific measures. When calculating the environmental risk o f technological operations in the Northern Seas, the following factors are taken into account: 1. Currents (Probability that a migration route will be encountered) / Accuracy in measurement by the use o f new technology. 2. Wind (Probability that a wind event might occur) / Accuracy o f measurement by the use o f new technology. 3. Migration Routes (Probability that a migration route will be encountered) / Accuracy o f measurement. 4. Possibility o f Collision with foreign objects (Possibility o f an encounter with other transportation vessels) / Accuracy o f Measurement by the use o f new technology. 5. Geological Risk / Accuracy o f Measurement by the use o f new technology. 9