МурманшельфИнфо. 2014, N 2 (25).

Ðàñïîëîæåíèå ïåðñïåêòèâíûõ îáúåêòîâ ïîçâîëÿåò îáú- åäèíèòü èõ â äâå ãðóïïû, îïèðàþùèåñÿ íà åäèíóþ èí- ôðàñòðóêòóðó [3]. Äàííûé ïîäõîä â îïðåäåëåííîé ìåðå ïîâûñèò îæèäàåìóþ ýêîíîìè÷åñêóþ ýôôåêòèâíîñòü ðàçðàáîòêè ðåñóðñîâ àêâàòîðèè. Ðàñ÷åòû äîáûâíûõ âîç- ìîæíîñòåé ïîòåíöèàëüíûõ ìåñòîðîæäåíèé ïðîèçâåäå- íû íà ñðîê 25 ëåò ïî êàæäîìó îáúåêòó â îòäåëüíîñòè. Ïðåäóñìîòðåíî èñïîëüçîâàíèå ãîðèçîíòàëüíûõ ñêâàæèí ñ ïðîòÿæåííîñòüþ ãîðèçîíòàëüíîãî ðàáî÷åãî ó÷àñòêà 200-300 ì. Ïðè êîìïëåêñíîì îñâîåíèè ñòðóêòóð è ïðèíÿ- òîé î÷åðåäíîñòè èõ ââîäà â ýêñïëóàòàöèþ ãîäîâàÿ ïðî- åêòíàÿ äîáû÷à ãàçà ìîæåò ñîñòàâèòü â òå÷åíèå 6-8 ëåò 8 ìëðä.ì 3 â ãîä, à êîíäåíñàòà - â ñðåäíåì 400 ìëí.ò â ãîä. (ðèñ.4). Îñâîåíèå íåôòåãàçîâûõ ïîòåíöèàëîâ Áàéäàðàö- êîé ãóáû âîçìîæíî â êîìïëåêñå ñ îáóñòðîéñòâîì îáúåê- òîâ äîáû÷è è òðàíñïîðòà ãàçà íà ï-îâå ßìàë. Äëÿ îñâîåíèÿ ïîòåíöèàëüíûõ ìåñòîðîæäåíèé íà áå- ðåãó ïðåäïîëàãàåòñÿ ñòðîèòåëüñòâî äâóõ óñòàíîâîê êîì- ïëåêñíîé ïîäãîòîâêè ãàçà: ÓÊÏÃ-1 è ÓÊÏÃ-2 äëÿ äâóõ ãðóïï ìåñòîðîæäåíèé. Ïîñëå ïîäãîòîâêè ãàçà ïðîäóêöèÿ íàïðàâëÿåòñÿ íà êîìïðåññîðíóþ ñòàíöèþ (ÊÑ) è äàëåå â ìàãèñòðàëüíûé ãàçîïðîâîä. Äëÿ òðàíñïîðòèðîâêè êîí- äåíñàòà öåëåñîîáðàçíî èìåòü äâà îòâåòâëåíèÿ: îò ÓÊÏÃ- 1 è ÓÊÏÃ-2 äëÿ âðåçêè â êîíäåíñàòîïðîâîä «Áîâàíåíêî- âî-Õàðàñàâýé» (ñì. ðèñ.3). Îñâîåíèå ïåðñïåêòèâíûõ ìåñòîðîæäåíèé Áàéäàðàö- êîé Ãóáû ââèäó ñóðîâûõ ïðèðîäíî-êëèìàòè÷åñêèõ óñëî- âèé ñîïðÿæåíî ñî çíà÷èòåëüíûìè òðóäíîñòÿìè è òðåáóåò ïðèìåíåíèÿ èííîâàöèîííûõ òåõíîëîãèé. Íàèáîëåå ýô- ôåêòèâíûì òåõíè÷åñêèì ðåøåíèåì ïðè îáóñòðîéñòâå àðê- òè÷åñêèõ ìåñòîðîæäåíèé ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîäâîäíàÿ òåõíîëî- ãèÿ äîáû÷è óãëåâîäîðîäîâ, î ÷åì óïîìèíàëîñü â ðàçäåëå ïî Ïå÷îðñêîé ãóáå. Ýòà òåõíîëîãèÿ íàõîäèò âñå áîëüøåå ïðèìåíåíèå âî âñåì ìèðå áëàãîäàðÿ ñëåäóþùèì ïðåè- ìóùåñòâàì:  âîçìîæíîñòü óñêîðåííîãî ââîäà ìåñòîðîæäåíèÿ â ýêñ- ïëóàòàöèþ;  âûñîêàÿ ãèáêîñòü òåõíîëîãèè ïîäâîäíîé äîáû÷è çà ñ÷åò âîçìîæíîñòè áûñòðîé çàìåíû òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîãî îáî- ðóäîâàíèÿ, à òàêæå çàìåíû îäíîé òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîé ïëàò- ôîðìû íà äðóãóþ;  âîçìîæíîñòü ñåçîííîé ðàçðàáîòêè ìåñòîðîæäåíèé, ðàñïîëîæåííûõ â ðàéîíàõ ñ íåáëàãîïðèÿòíûìè ãèäðîìåòå- îðîëîãè÷åñêèìè óñëîâèÿìè. Íà ñåãîäíÿøíèé äåíü îòñóòñòâóåò îïûò ïî èñïîëüçîâà- íèþ ïîäâîäíîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ íà ìåñòîðîæäåíèÿõ, ðàñ- ïîëîæåííûõ íà ìàëûõ ãëóáèíàõ. Íàèáîëåå õàðàêòåðíûìè ðåãèîíàìè äëÿ îöåíêè âîçìîæíîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ïîäâî- äíûõ äîáû÷íûõ êîìïëåêñîâ (ÏÄÊ) íà àðêòè÷åñêîì øåëü- ôå â óñëîâèÿõ ìàëûõ ãëóáèí ÿâëÿþòñÿ Îáñêàÿ, Òàçîâñêàÿ è Áàéäàðàöêàÿ ãóáû.  ýòèõ óñëîâèÿõ âîçìîæíû äâà êîíöåïòó- àëüíûõ âàðèàíòà ïðèìåíåíèÿ ÏÄÊ:  ïîëíîñòüþ ïîäâîäíîå îáóñòðîéñòâî ñ òðàíñïîðòîì ïðîäóêöèè íà áåðåã â ìíîãîôàçíîì ñîñòîÿíèè (óïðàâëåíèå è êîíòðîëü çà ðàáîòîé ÏÄÊ, à òàêæå ñíàáæåíèå õèìè÷åñêè- ìè ðåàãåíòàìè îñóùåñòâëÿþòñÿ ñ áåðåãîâûõ ñîîðóæåíèé);  ñìåøàííîå (èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ñòàöèîíàðíàÿ ïëàòôîðìà ñ òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèì îáîðóäîâàíèåì, íà êîòîðóþ òðàíñïîðòè- ðóåòñÿ ïðîäóêöèÿ âñåõ ñêâàæèí, â òîì ÷èñëå ñ ïîäâîäíûì îáóñòðîéñòâîì, óïðàâëåíèå ÏÄÊ îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ñ ïëàò- ôîðìû). Ïðè îáóñòðîéñòâå ìåñòîðîæäåíèé íà ìåëêîâîäíûõ àêâà- òîðèÿõ ñ òÿæåëûì ëåäîâûì ðåæèìîì, ãäå äîñòóï ê ïîäâî- äíûì äîáû÷íûì êîìïëåêñàì âîçìîæåí òîëüêî â êîðîòêèé ìåæëåäîâûé ïåðèîä, íåîáõîäèìî ïðåäóñìîòðåòü èõ íàäåæ- íóþ çàùèòó îò âîçäåéñòâèÿ ëåäîâûõ îáðàçîâàíèé, ñóäîâ, ìîðñêèõ òå÷åíèé. Íà ðèñ.5 ïîêàçàíû êîíñòðóêöèè çàùèòíûõ êîæóõîâ äëÿ ïîäâîäíûõ ñêâàæèí [4]. Ïîëîæèòåëüíûì ôàêòîðîì îáóñòðîéñòâà ïåðñïåêòèâíûõ ãåîëîãè÷åñêèõ ñòðóêòóð äàííîãî ðàéîíà ÿâëÿåòñÿ íåïîñðåä- ñòâåííàÿ áëèçîñòü îáúåêòîâ îñâîåíèÿ ê ï-âó ßìàë è ê Áîâà- íåíêîâñêîìó ìåñòîðîæäåíèþ, ÷òî ïîçâîëèò â ìàêñèìàëüíîé ñòåïåíè èñïîëüçîâàòü èíôðàñòðóêòóðó ïîëóîñòðîâà, ðàçðà- áîòàííóþ ÎÀÎ «Ãàçïðîì». Îñíîâíûå çàòðàòû ïî ñòðîèòåëü- ñòâó òðàíñïîðòíîé ñåòè áóäóò îáóñëîâëåíû òîëüêî ïðî- êëàäêîé ìîðñêèõ òðóáîïðîâîäîâ äî áëèæàéøåé áåðåãîâîé of platform cover in Baydaratskaya Bay of the Kara Sea for two most prospective fiery complexes – Cretaceous and Jurassic. Extracted hydrocarbon resources (D 1 category) compose 430 mil tons of fuel, of which free gas is 400 billion m 3 , condensates are 18 mil tons, oil is 14 mil tons. Sea depths of structure are till 25 m. Location of prospective objects permits to unite them into two groups under one infrastructure. Such approach could increase planned business effectiveness of resource development. Analyses of production capability of potential fields have been made separately for each object for 25 years. They have decided to use horizontal wells with length of horizontal working area in 200-300 m. Gas annual production will be 8 billion m 3 during 6-8 years, condensate – 400 mil, if structures are developed in complex and put to use one by one (picture 4). Development of oil and gas prospects of Baydaratskaya Bay is possible with arrangement of objects of extraction and gas transport at Yamal peninsula. Two complex gas treatment plants are going to be installed at coast for developing potential fields: CGTP-1 and CGTP-2 for two groups of development. After this step, gas goes to flowing plant and then to main pipeline. It is reasonable to use two branches for transporting condensate: from CGTP-1 and CGTP-2 for setting condensate pipe “Bovanenkovo-Harasavey” (picture 4). Development of prospective fields of Baydaratskaya Bay needs using innovation technologies because of severe weather conditions and connected difficulties. The most effective technical decision for arranging Arctic fields is underwater technique to extract hydrocarbons (that was mentioned in the part about Pechora Bay). That technique nowadays becomes more and more popular all over the world because of its advantages:  possibility of enhanced start of operational use  high flexibility of underwater technique because of fast change of equipment and one technological platform for another  opportunity to develop fields in season in regions with unfavorable weather conditions. Рис.4. Прогноз уровней добычи газа при принятой очередности ввода структур Байдарацкой губы Picture 4. Analyses of oil extraction level under accepted priority of starting development of prospective Baydaratskaya Bay structures October 2014 № 2 (25) MurmanshelfInfo 13