МурманшельфИнфо. 2012, N 1 (19).

Оценка возможностей использования углеводородного сырья в качестве нетрадиционного источника неорганических компонентов (чёрных и цветных металлов, урана, золота, серебра, редких земель и галогенов) Capability assessment of hydrocarbon raw material utilization as non-traditional source of inorganic elements (ferrous and non-ferrous metals, uranium, gold, silver, rare earths and gallogen) Èçó÷åííîñòü íåîðãàíè÷åñêîé ìèíåðàëüíîé ñîñòàâëÿþùåé â ïðîöåññàõ íåôòåãàçîîáðàçîâàíèÿ â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ îöå- íèâàåòñÿ êàê íåäîñòàòî÷íàÿ, à äîñòîâåðíûå çíàíèÿ ïî ýòîìó âîïðîñó íåîáõîäèìû äëÿ ðåøåíèÿ ãåíåòè÷åñêèõ âîïðîñîâ ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ íåôòè (îðãàíè÷åñêàÿ è íåîðãàíè÷åñêàÿ ãè- ïîòåçû), ñîçäàíèÿ ñèñòåìû ëîêàëüíûõ ïîèñêîâûõ ïðèçíàêîâ íà íåôòÿíûå çàëåæè ñëîæíîãî çàëåãàíèÿ, à ãëàâíîå, äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ âîçìîæíîñòåé ïîïóòíîãî èçâëå÷åíèÿ ïîëåçíûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ â öåëÿõ êîìïëåêñíîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ óãëåâî- äîðîäíîãî ñûðüÿ.  ïîñëåäíèå ãîäû èíòåíñèâíî ðàçâèâàþòñÿ íîâûå íà- ó÷íûå íàïðàâëåíèÿ î ïàðàãåíåòè÷åñêèõ ñâÿçÿõ íåôòå- è ðóäîîáðàçîâàíèÿ â çåìíîé êîðå: - íàôòîìåòàëëîãåíèÿ è êîíöåïöèÿ î ñîâìåñòíûõ ïóòÿõ ìèãðàöèè óãëåâîäîðîäîâ è íåîðãàíè÷åñêèõ ýëåìåíòîâ - ôëþèäîãåîäèíàìèêà. Èìåþòñÿ ìíîãî÷èñëåííûå ñâåäåíèÿ î ïðèñóòñòâèè â Ó ãàçàõ, ãàçîêîíäåíñàòàõ, íåòÿõ, ïðèðîäíûõ áèòóìàõ è ïëà- ñòîâûõ âîäàõ íåôòÿíûõ ìåñòîðîæäåíèé íåîðãàíè÷åñêèõ ýëåìåíòîâ:V, Ni, Re, Mo, W, Pb, Co, Zn, Cu, Cd, ïëàòèíîèäû, Cr, Hg, U, B, Cl, J, F, S è äð. Êîíöåíòðàöèÿ ðÿäà ýëåìåíòîâ è, ïðåæäå âñåãî, ìåòàë- ëîâ â íåôòÿõ è èõ ïðîäóêòàõ èíîãäà äîñòèãàþò ïðîìûø- ëåííûõ ñîäåðæàíèé. Ìàêñèìàëüíûå èçâåñòíûå â íåôòè ìèðà ñîäåðæàíèÿ íå- îðãàíè÷åñêèõ ýëåìåíòîâ (ã/ò): Ni – 350, Cr – 0,64, Co – 13,5, Cu – 5,3, Mn – äî 2,5, Hg – 23, Br – 1,32, Sb – 0,3, Zn – 100, Se – 1,4, Fe – 1,1, As-100, Pb – 0,3, Ga – 0,3, ÷òî çíà÷è- òåëüíî ïðåâûøàåò êëàðêîâûå è ôîíîâûå ñîäåðæàíèÿ ýòèõ ýëåìåíòîâ. Äëÿ ìèêðîýëåìåíòíîãî ñîñòàâà õëîðèäíî-íàòðèåâûõ ðàñ- ñîëîâ, ïðèóðî÷åííûõ ê íåôòÿíûì ìåñòîðîæäåíèÿì, õàðàê- Рита ГОЛЕВА, главный научный сотрудник ФГУП «ВИМС», доктор геол-мин.наук, профессор, академик РЭА и ВАНКБ Rita GOLEVA, Chief researcher of FSUE Russian Research Institutes of Minerals, Doctor of geological and mineral sciences, academician of REA and World Academy of Sciences for Complex Security The knowledge of inorganic mineral elements in the process of oil and gas formation in current time can be assessed as insufficient, and reliable knowledge on this issue is necessary for addressing the genetic issues of oil formation (organic and inorganic hypotheses), for elaboration of the localized prospecting indicators system of oil deposits of complex deposition, and most importantly, to determine capabilities of associated extraction of useful components for the integrated use of hydrocarbons. In recent years, new scientific directions of the paragenetic relationships of oil and ore formation in the Earth´s crust are developed in intensive way: - naphtametallogeny and the concept of joint migration paths of hydrocarbons and inorganic elements - fluid geodynamics. There are numerous reports of the presence in the hydrocarbon gas, gas condensate, oil, natural bitumen and oil deposits layer waters of inorganic elements: V, Ni, Re, Mo, W, Pb, Co, Zn, Cu, Cd, platinum group metals: Cr, Hg, U , B, Cl, J, F, S, and etc. The concentration of several elements and, above all, the metals in oil and its products sometimes reach the industrial composition. The maximum known world content of inorganic elements in the oil (g/t): Ni - 350, Cr - 0,64, Co - 13,5, Cu - 5,3, Mn - up to 2,5, Hg - 23, Br - 1,32, Sb - 0,3, Zn - 100, Se - 1,4, Fe - 1,1, As-100, Pb - 0,3, Ga - 0,3, which far exceeds the Clarke and background composition of these elements. For micro-ultimate composition of sodium chloride brines, confined to the oil fields, the following elements are indicated (mg/l): Ba - 100, Cu -100, Mn -100, Ni - 60, Pb - 46,7, Zn - 33,3, Cr - 26,7, As - 26,7, Be - 13,3, V - 13,3, Co -6,7. March 2012 ¹ 1 (19) MurmanshelfInfo 45