МурманшельфИнфо. 2012, N 1 (19).

ïîëòîðà ãîäà â ñîñòàâ «Ãàçôëîòà» âîøëè äâå ïîëóïîãðóæíûå áóðîâûå óñòàíîâêè è îäíà ñàìîïîäúåìíàÿ, êîòîðûå âíåñóò ñâîé âêëàä â îñâîåíèå àðêòè÷åñêîãî è äàëüíåâîñòî÷íîãî øåëüôîâ. È ãîñóäàðñòâî, è íåôòåãàçîäîáûâàþùèå êîìïà- íèè îáÿçàíû îñîçíàòü òîò ôàêò, ÷òî åñëè ìû ñàìè íå ïðè- ñòóïèì ê îñâîåíèþ áîãàòñòâ øåëüôà, òî çà íàñ ýòî ñäåëàþò íàøè ñîñåäè. Íîðâåãèÿ óæå ïðèñòóïèëà ê âåäåíèþ ãåîëîãî- ðàçâåäî÷íûõ ðàáîò íà øåëüôå Ñåðîé çîíû, ÷àñòü êîòîðîé áûëà ïåðåäàíà åé ïîñëå ïîäïèñàíèÿ äîãîâîðà. Äà, ýòî íåäåøåâî, äà, ýòî îïàñíî, íî ýòî – íåîáðàòèìûé ïðîöåññ. Äîñòàòî÷íî ñêàçàòü, ÷òî òîëüêî Âåëèêîáðèòàíèÿ è Íîðâåãèÿ ðåàëèçóþò 168 è 117 øåëüôîâûõ ïðîåêòîâ. Ðîññèÿ ñðåäè ñòðàí, çàíèìàþùèõñÿ øåëüôîâûìè ïðî- åêòàìè, çàíèìàåò òîëüêî 13 ìåñòî, èìåÿ ñàìûå áîãàòûå øåëüôîâûå ìåñòîðîæäåíèÿ íåôòè è ãàçà â ìèðå. «Арктической» со специалистами повезло Íî, âåðíåìñÿ ê ÑÏÁÓ «Àðêòè÷åñêàÿ». Ðàáî÷èå àïàðòà- ìåíòû Âëàäèìèðà Ðîìàíîâè÷à – ãëàâíûé ïîñò óïðàâëå- íèÿ, ñîâìåùåííûé ñ ñóäîâûì âåðòîëåòíûì êîìàíäíûì ïóíêòîì è áëîêîì ïîìåùåíèé ðàäèîñâÿçè, íàâèãàöèè è òðàíñëÿöèè. Âëàäèìèð Ïøåíè÷êî ðàññêàçàë, ÷òî äëÿ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ áåçîïàñíîñòè íà êàæäîé ÑÏÁÓ ïî ëåâîìó è ïðàâîìó áîðòó èìåþòñÿ ñðåäñòâà ñïàñåíèÿ – êàòåðà è ñïàñàòåëü- íûå ïëîòû äëÿ 100% ýêèïàæà. Äëÿ êàæäîãî ÷ëåíà ýêèïà- æà ïðåäóñìîòðåí ãèäðîêîñòþì è ñïàñàòåëüíûé æèëåò. Íà ýâàêóàöèþ âñåãî ýêèïàæà îòâîäèòñÿ íå áîëåå 7 ìè- íóò. Ê ñëîâó, ñòîèìîñòü ãèäðîêîñòþìà íà÷èíàåòñÿ îò 110 òûñÿ÷ ðóáëåé çà øòóêó. Áåç íàëè÷èÿ ýòèõ ñïàñàòåëüíûõ ñðåäñòâ ïîëó÷èòü ðàçðåøåíèå Ðîññèéñêîãî ìîðñêîãî ðå- ãèñòðà ïðîñòî íåâîçìîæíî. ×òî êàñàåòñÿ ýêîëîãè÷åñêèõ òðåáîâàíèé ê áóðîâûì óñòàíîâêàì òàêîãî òèïà, òî, êàê ïîä÷åðêíóë Âëàäèìèð Ïøåíè÷êî, îíè â Ðîññèè äàæå æåñò÷å, ÷åì çà ðóáåæîì. Îáùàòüñÿ íà ÑÏÁÓ «Àðêòè÷åñêàÿ» ìíå ïðèøëîñü ñî ìíîãèìè ñïåöèàëèñòàìè, íî ïåðâóþ ñêðèïêó íà áóðîâîé óñòàíîâêå èãðàåò åå íà÷àëüíèê.  äàííîì ñëó÷àå èì áûë Àëåêñàíäð Íèêèøèí, îïûòíåéøèé ñïåöèàëèñò. Ñ 1976 ãîäà îí òðóäèëñÿ íà Ñàõàëèíå, ãäå ïðîøåë ïóòü îò ïîìîùíèêà áóðèëüùèêà äî ãëàâíîãî èíæåíåðà ÑÏÁÓ. Ñ 2001 ãîäà, âîò óæå 11 ëåò ðàáîòàåò â ÎÎÎ «Ãàçôëîò», èç íèõ 9 ëåò íà ÑÏÁÓ «Àìàçîí» è ïî÷òè äâà ãîäà íà ÑÏÁÓ «Àðêòè÷åñêàÿ». ×òî êàñàåòñÿ ÑÏÁÓ «Àðêòè÷åñêàÿ», òî íà íåé 70% îáî- ðóäîâàíèÿ ðîññèéñêîãî è 30% èíîñòðàííîãî ïðîèçâîä- ñòâà, â òîì ÷èñëå, áóðîâîé êîìïëåêñ è ïàëóáíûå êðàíû. ×òîáû ÿ ïîëó÷èë ïîëíîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå îá ÑÏÁÓ «Àð- êòè÷åñêàÿ» äëÿ ìåíÿ îðãàíèçîâàëè ýêñêóðñèþ, âûäåëèâ â êà÷åñòâå ýêñêóðñîâîäîâ ñòàðøåãî ýëåêòðîìåõàíèêà Ðèìà Åëåöêîãî, ñòàðøåãî ìåõàíèêà Àëåêñàíäðà Ñìèðíî- âà è áîöìàíà Ñåðãåÿ Ìàêàð÷óêà. Íà÷àëèñü äîëãèå ïåðåõîäû ïî òðàïàì, ïàëóáàì è îòñå- êàì. Ðèì Åëåöêèé, ñ ìîðñêèì ñòàæåì â 25 ëåò è îïûòîì ðàáîòû íà áóðîâûõ óñòàíîâêàõ â 7 ëåò, ðàññêàçàë î ñè- ñòåìå ýëåêòðîñíàáæåíèÿ áóðîâîé óñòàíîâêè. Âñåì ýëåê- òðîîáîðóäîâàíèåì çäåñü óïðàâëÿåò îïåðàòîð, èñïîëüçóÿ ÀÑÓÒÑ (àâòîìàòèçèðîâàííàÿ ñèñòåìà óïðàâëåíèÿ òåõíè- ÷åñêèìè ñðåäñòâàìè).  íåå âõîäèò òàêæå ïîæàðíàÿ ñèã- íàëèçàöèÿ è ñèñòåìà ãàçîàíàëèçà. Ñòàðøèé ìåõàíèê Àëåêñàíäð Ñìèðíîâ, òàêæå íå íîâè÷îê íà áóðîâûõ óñòàíîâêàõ (15 ëåò òðóäèëñÿ íà áóðîâûõ óñòà- for 100 % of crew. There is a dry suit and life vest for each crewmember. Evacuation of the entire crew takes no longer than 7 minutes. By the way, the price of a dry suit is starting from 110 roubles. It is impossible to get a permission of Russian maritime register without this rescue equipment. Concerning environmental requirements to the drilling rigs of this type, Vladimir Pshenichko underlined that in Russia they are even harder than abroad. I have spoken to many specialists at Arcticheskaya, but the head of it has the main role there. In this case it was Alexander Nikishin, a very experienced specialist. From 1976 he worked at Sakhalin, where he came a long way from assistant driller to the chief engineer of the drilling rig. From 2001, for 11 years already he has been working with Gazflot, 9 of them at Amazon drilling rig and almost two years at Arctichaskaya. Concerning Arcticheskaya it has 70 % Russian produced equipment and 30 % of foreign produced equipment, including drilling equipment and deck cranes. To give me a full picture of Arcticheskaya drilling rig there was an excursion organised for me, my guides were chief electro mechanic Rim Eletskiy, chief mechanic Alexander Smirnov and boatswain Sergey Makarchuk. We started with a long walk through staircases, decks and compartments. Rim Eletskiy, having 25 years of sea experience and 7 years experience of work at drilling rigs, told about the system of electrical supply of a drilling rig. Operator controls all equipment here using automatic system of technical units management. It includes also fire alarm and system of gas analysis. Chief engineer Alexander Smornov also has good experience of work on board of drilling rigs (for 15 years he has been working at drilling rigs Murmanskaya and Obskaya), he showed us his department – three diesel generators with the power of 2000 kilowatts each, that provide electrical power to all units and devices of drilling unit when working at the drilling point. Emergency diesel generator with its 245 kilowatt switches on automatically in case of power failure of the main diesel generator, It has to ensure the work of the mechanisms in emergency situations. There are also two parking diesels of 350 kilowatts each, that provide power for the drilling rig during parking. Alexander Smirnov is also responsible for two distilling units with the capacity of 25 tons of water a day each. Today we can often hear complaints of ecologists to people carrying out drilling works on the shelf that they are polluting the environment with not only industrial but also household waste. Especially to calm down our Bellona people I asked how compliance with environmental norms be provided including ensuring zero damping of waste into the sea. Ecologists should not have any reasons for worries. Sewage water station produced by German company HAMMAN ensures 100 percent purification and disinfection of technical and sewage waters. The remaining solid particles are collected to a special tank and delivered on shore. On board there is a device called incinerator, that is for burning solid household waste and oil cloth. There is also a separator for oil-containing sewage waters. March 2012 ¹ 1 (19) MurmanshelfInfo 39