МурманшельфИнфо. 2010, N 4 (13).

Àíàëèç ìèðîâîãî îïûòà ñîçäàíèÿ è ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ ïîðòîâûõ ÝÎÇ, àíàëèç òåêóùåãî ñîñòîÿíèÿ ïîðòà Ìóð- ìàíñê è ñîîòâåòñòâèÿ åãî êëþ÷åâûì õàðàêòåðèñòèêàì ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî õàá-öåíòðà ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî ïîëíîöåííî ðåàëèçîâàòü êîíöåïöèþ ãëóáîêîâîäíîãî ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ëîãèñòè÷åñêîãî öåíòðà â ïîðòó Ìóðìàíñê âîçìîæíî òîëüêî â ðåæèìå Ïîðòîâîé îñîáîé ýêîíîìè÷åñêîé çîíû (ÏÎÝÇ). Ñîçäàâàÿ â ðàéîíå ïîðòà ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñ áëàãîïðèÿòíûìè óñëîâèÿìè äëÿ âåäåíèÿ áèçíåñà, ãîñóäàðñòâî ñòèìóëèðóåò óñêîðåííîå ïîÿâëåíèå äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ íåòðàäèöèîííûõ ñåðâèñîâ â ýòîì ðàéîíå, òåì ñàìûì ïîçâîëÿÿ ñóùåñòâåííî ðàñøèðèòü îáú¸ì âíóòðåííåãî ðûíêà (çà ñ÷¸ò ïðèâëå÷åíèÿ íîâûõ êëèåíòîâ), ïîâûñèòü èíòåíñèâíîñòü ñâÿçåé ñ âíåø- íèìè ðûíêàìè, äîâåñòè ëîãèñòè÷åñêóþ èíôðàñòðóêòóðó äî ìèðîâîãî óðîâíÿ, óëó÷øèòü óðîâåíü è êîëè÷åñòâî ëîãèñòè- ÷åñêèõ ñåðâèñîâ, äîñòóïíûõ êëèåíòàì ïîðòà. Êðîìå òîãî ýòî ïîçâîëèò ïðèâëå÷ü îòå÷åñòâåííûå è èíî- ñòðàííûå èíâåñòèöèè äëÿ ñòðîèòåëüñòâà è ìîäåðíèçàöèè ïîðòîâîé èíôðàñòðóêòóðû, áóäåò ñòèìóëèðîâàòü ðàçâèòèå ïîðòîâîãî õîçÿéñòâà, óñëóã.  îáùåì, Ìóðìàíñêèé ïîðò ñìîæåò äîñòîéíî êîíêóðèðîâàòü ñ çàðóáåæíûìè ïîðòàìè. Ñîçäàíèå ÏÎÝÇ ïîçâîëèò è áîëåå àêòèâíî èñïîëüçîâàòü óíèêàëüíûé òðàíçèòíûé ïîòåíöèàë Ìóðìàíñêîãî òðàíñ- ïîðòíîãî óçëà è òðàññû Ñåâåðíîãî ìîðñêîãî ïóòè. Îäíèì èç óñëîâèé ñîçäàíèÿ ÏÎÝÇ ÿâëÿåòñÿ âëîæåíèå â å¸ ðàçâè- òèå íå ìåíåå 100 ìèëëèîíîâ åâðî. Analysis of the world experience in establishing and exploiting port SEZ, analysis of the current state of the port of Murmansk and its correspondence to the key requirements of an international hub-centre show that the conception of an international deep-water logistics centre in the port of Murmansk can be realized only under conditions of the port SEZ. By creating an environment with favourable business conditions in the port the state fosters an accelerated development of non-traditional for this area services, which allows tosiginificantly expand the volumeof thedomesticmarket (by attracting new clients), to strengthen relations with foreign markets, to raise the quality of the logistics infrastructure to the world standard, to improve it and to make a greater number of logistics services available for the port customers. Moreover, it will give an opportunity to attract domestic and foreign investments for constructing and modernizing the port infrastructure, to stimulate the development of the port facilities and services. Generally speaking, the port of Murmansk will be able to compete with foreign ports. The establishment of SEPZ will facilitate a more intensive use of the unique potential of the Murmansk transport hub and the Northern Sea Route. One of the main conditions for creating a SEPZ is investment of at least 100 million Euro in its development. Realizing the importance of the targets the regional law- makers have got down to the task of creating favourable December 2010 ¹ 4 (13) MurmanshelfInfo 13 conditions for developing business and enterpreneurial activity. For this purpose in 2008 the Murmansk regional Duma tried to initiate a debate in the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russian Federation on changes in the Federal Law “On special economic zones in the Russian Federation” which stated that tender procedures were unreasonable from economic point of view when establishing special economic zones in sea ports and their water areas. Unfortunately our initiative didn’t find support in the State Duma. But last year the Federal law “On introducing changes into the Federal law “On special economic zones in the Russian Federation” entered into force. To our judgement the amendments it includes are vital and very timely for the further development of the project of special economic zones in the Russian Federation as they give an opportunity in exceptional cases to establish SEPZ without holding tenders on decision of the Government of the country. Finally the decision to establish a special economic port zone on the territory of two municipal units in the Murmansk region – the Kola district and the city of Murmansk was made. The special economic port zone will include the lots selected in compliance with a special agreement without any competitive tenders. The Ministry of Economic Development of RF was Ïîíèìàÿ âàæíîñòü ïîñòàâëåííûõ çàäà÷, ðåãèîíàëüíûå çàêîíîäàòåëè àêòèâíî âêëþ÷èëèñü â ðàáîòó ïî ñîçäàíèþ áëàãîïðèÿòíûõ óñëîâèé äëÿ ðàçâèòèÿ äåëîâîé àêòèâíîñòè è ïðåäïðèíèìàòåëüñòâà.  ýòèõ öåëÿõ Ìóðìàíñêàÿ îáëàñò- íàÿ Äóìà åù¸ â 2008 ãîäó âûõîäèëà ñ çàêîíîäàòåëüíîé èíèöèàòèâîé â Ãîñóäàðñòâåííóþ Äóìó Ôåäåðàëüíîãî Ñî- áðàíèÿ Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè ñ ïðåäëîæåíèåì âíåñòè èçìåíåíèÿ â Ôåäåðàëüíûé çàêîí «Îá îñîáûõ ýêîíîìè÷å- ñêèõ çîíàõ â Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè», ñóòü êîòîðîãî çà- êëþ÷àëàñü â òîì, ÷òî ïðèìåíåíèå êîíêóðñíûõ ïðîöåäóð ýêîíîìè÷åñêè íåöåëåñîîáðàçíî ïðè ñîçäàíèè ïîðòîâûõ îñîáûõ ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ çîí íà òåððèòîðèÿõ è àêâàòîðèÿõ ìîðñêèõ ïîðòîâ. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ, íàøà èíèöèàòèâà áûëà îòêëîíåíà Ãîñóäàð- ñòâåííîé Äóìîé. Íî â ïðîøëîì ãîäó âñòóïèë â ñèëó Ôåäå- ðàëüíûé çàêîí «Î âíåñåíèè èçìåíåíèé â Ôåäåðàëüíûé çàêîí «Îá îñîáûõ ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ çîíàõ â Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè». Ïî íàøåìó óáåæäåíèþ, ñîäåðæàùèåñÿ â í¸ì ïîïðàâêè ÿâëÿ- þòñÿ âàæíûìè è êðàéíå ñâîåâðåìåííûìè äëÿ äàëüíåéøåãî ðàçâèòèÿ ïðîåêòà îñîáûõ ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ çîí â Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè, â ÷àñòíîñòè äàþò âîçìîæíîñòü ñîçäàâàòü ÎÝÇ áåç ïðîâåäåíèÿ êîíêóðñà ïî îòáîðó çàÿâîê â èñêëþ÷èòåëüíûõ ñëó÷àÿõ ïî ðåøåíèþ Ïðàâèòåëüñòâà ñòðàíû. Ïðîåêòû è ïåðñïåêòèâû Projects and perspectives Фото: http://www.photoforum.ru