МурманшельфИнфо. 2009, N 2 (7)

Союз науки, власти и бизнеса Union of science, power and business Юрий ТИМОФЕЕВ by Yury TIMOFEEV Достижения Норвегии в нефтегазовой отрасли пришли не сами по себе. За нынешними успеха- ми стоит напряженный труд геологов, буровиков, строителей, учёных, разумная политика государ- ства. Поддержку компаниям, которые осуществляют инвестиции в инновационные программы и НИОКР оказывает Научно-исследовательский совет Нор- вегии. Проекты в промышленности финансируются по схеме SkatteFUNN, предусматривающей льгот- ное налогообложение, а долгосрочные научно- технические проекты финансируются через инно- вационные научно-технические центры. МИКРОБЫ НА СЛУЖБЕ НЕФТЯНИКОВ Åæåäíåâíî Íîðâåãèÿ äîáûâàåò îò 2 äî 3 ìèëëèîíîâ áàððåëåé íåôòè â äåíü, à åå íåôòÿíûå ðåñóðñû ñîñòàâ- ëÿþò 50 % îò îñòàâøåéñÿ íåôòè íà åâðîïåéñêîì êîíòè- íåíòå.  òå÷åíèå ïîñëåäíèõ äâóõ äåñÿòèëåòèé Íîðâåãèÿ òðà- òèëà ñðåäñòâà íå íà îòêðûòèå íîâûõ ìåñòîðîæäåíèé, à íà ñîâåðøåíñòâîâàíèå òåõíîëîãèé, êîòîðûå äàëè âîçìîæíîñòü óâåëè÷èòü íåôòåîòäà÷ó óæå ðàçðàáàòû- âàåìûõ ïëàñòîâ, äîâåäÿ îáúåì äîáûâàåìîé íåôòè äî 65 %, ÷òî ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëó÷øèì ïîêàçàòåëåì â ìèðîâîé ïðàêòèêå. Ê ïðèìåðó, ìåñòîðîæäåíèå «Ýêîôèñê» ïëàíè- ðîâàëîñü ðàçðàáàòûâàòü 15 - 20 ëåò, îáåñïå÷èâ äîáû÷ó 20 % íåôòè. Çà ñ÷åò íîâûõ òåõíîëîãèé óäàëîñü óâåëè- ÷èòü íåôòåîòäà÷ó äî 50 % è äîáûâàòü íåôòü ãîðàçäî áîëüøèé ïåðèîä. Íà ìåñòîðîæäåíèè «Ñòàòôü¸ðä», îò- êðûòîì 24 íîÿáðÿ 1979 ãîäà, ïëàíèðîâàëîñü ïîëó÷èòü 40 % îò ðàçâåäàííûõ çàïàñîâ íåôòè. Çà ñ÷åò íîâûõ òåõ- íîëîãèé ýòîò ïîêàçàòåëü áóäåò äîâåäåí äî 70 % ñî ñðî- êàìè ðàçðàáîòêè 50 ëåò. Ñåé÷àñ ó÷åíûå «ÑòàòîéëÃèäðî» ïðîâîäÿò èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïî âíåäðåíèþ ìèêðîáèàëüíî óëó÷øåííîãî íåôòåèçâëå÷åíèÿ (MEOR) è îäíîâðåìåí- íîãî íàãíåòàíèÿ âîäû è ãàçà â ïëàñòû (SWAG), ÷òî çíà- ÷èòåëüíî óâåëè÷èò îáúåìû äîáûâàåìîé íåôòè. MICROBES AT OILMEN’S SERVICE Norway’s daily oil production averages 2-3 mbpd, and 50 % of all the oil reserves remained in Europe are situated in Norway. For the past two decades Norway has invested not in exploration of new fields but in development of technologies enhancing oil recovery, hence bringing producible oil index to 65 %, what is the best relevant index in the world. Thus, Ekofisk oil field was planned to be operated during 15-20 years providing oil recovery at a rate of 20 %. Application of new technologies enabled to increase oil recovery up to 50 % and to extend considerably period of operation. At Statfjord oil field discovered on November 24, 1979 oil recovery was estimated to be 40 % of the reserves explored. Due to advanced technologies this index was increased up to 70 % with life time of 50 years. Now researchers of StatoilHydro are working on implementation of microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) and simultaneous water-alternating-gas (SWAG) injection that will allow for considerable increase of oil recovery performance. In Norway there are several technical programmes supported and financed by the Government. Some of them are PETROMAKS (a programme for petroleum-oriented research, emphasizing basic research and technological Achievements of Norway in sector of oil and gas did not come by themselves. There are great efforts of geologists, drillers, constructors, sensible policy of the state, contribution of the science behind the today’s success. Research Council of Norway is supporting companies investing in research and development. Industrial innovative projects are funded under the SkatteFUNN scheme, providing for tax concessions. Long-term research and engineering projects are supported through research and development centers. 30 èþíü 2009 ¹ 2 (7) ÌóðìàíøåëüôÈíôî