МурманшельфИнфо. 2009, N 2 (7)

8 èþíü 2009 ¹ 2 (7) ÌóðìàíøåëüôÈíôî ëåäîâîãî êëàññà êîëîññàëüíûõ ðàçìåðîâ (äëèíîé 365, øèðèíîé 50 è âûñîòîé 45 ìåòðîâ) òèïà FPU, à íå òèïà SPAR. Äëÿ ñòðîèòåëüñòâà ïëàòôîðì òèïà SPAR Ðîññèÿ íå èìååò ïðîèçâîäñòâåííûõ âîçìîæíîñòåé, ïîýòîìó è áûë ñäåëàí âûáîð â ïîëüçó òèïà FPU ñî ñðîêîì ñäà÷è îáúåêòà çàêàç÷èêó â 2013 ãîäó. È ãàçîïðîâîä â äâóõíè- òî÷íîì èñïîëíåíèè áóäóò ïðîêëàäûâàòü îò ìåñòîðîæ- äåíèÿ ê áåðåãó íå òîëüêî äëÿ ñíèæåíèÿ äàâëåíèÿ â òðó- áàõ, íî è äëÿ óâåëè÷åíèÿ âîçìîæíîñòåé äëÿ ïîñòàâîê òðóá îòå÷åñòâåííûìè çàâîäàìè. Îïÿòü æå, ó÷èòûâàÿ, ÷òî ðîññèéñêèå ïðîèçâîäèòåëè íå ñòðîÿò ãàçîòóðáèí- íûå ýëåêòðîñòàíöèè ìîùíîñòüþ 220 ìåãàâàòò, «Øòîê- ìàí Äåâåëîïìåíò Àû ïðèíÿë ðåøåíèå îñòàíîâèòüñÿ íà âàðèàíòå èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ óñòàíîâîê ìîùíîñòüþ 160 ìå- ãàâàòò, êîòîðûå ïðîèçâîäÿò â Ðîññèè. Ìîðñêàÿ ÷àñòü ïðîåêòà áóäåò âêëþ÷àòü ïîëóïîãðóæíûå áóðîâûå ïëàòôîðìû, òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîå ñóäíî äëÿ ïîäãî- òîâêè ãàçà, ïîäâîäíûé äîáû÷íîé êîìïëåêñ ñ äâóìÿ òåìï- ëåòàìè ïî 16 - 20 ñêâàæèí, êîòîðûå òàêæå ïðîèçâîäÿòñÿ â Ðîññèè, ñèñòåìû ãèáêèõ ðåéçåðîâ äëÿ ïîäà÷è ãàçà íà òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîå ñóäíî, äâóõíèòî÷íûé òðóáîïðîâîä.  õîäå ðåàëèçàöèè Øòîêìàíîâêîãî ïðîåêòà ó Ìóð- ìàíñêà èìåþòñÿ âñå âîçìîæíîñòè âñòàòü â îäèí ðÿä ñ òàêèìè ïðèçíàííûìè íåôòåãàçîâûìè ñòîëèöàìè, êàê Àáåðäèí è Ñòàâàíãåð, îòìåòèë â ñâîåì âûñòóïëåíèè çà- ìåñòèòåëü ãëàâíîãî èñïîëíèòåëüíîãî äèðåêòîðà «Øòîê- ìàí Äåâåëîïìåíò Àû Ýðâå Ìàäåî. Íî äëÿ ýòîãî äîëæíà ðàçâèâàòüñÿ èíôðàñòðóêòóðà Ìóðìàíñêîé îáëàñòè. Øòîêìàíîâñêèé ïðîåêò ïîðàæàåò íå òîëüêî ñâîèìè çàïàñàìè ãàçà è ñëîæíîñòüþ ðàáîò, íî è òåì îáîðóäî- âàíèåì, êîòîðîå áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ïðè åãî îñâîå- íèè. Î òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîé ïëàòôîðìå ðå÷ü óæå øëà. À âîò áóðîâûå ïëàòôîðìû íå ìåíåå ãðàíäèîçíû. Ñåãîäíÿ â ìèðå ñàìàÿ êðóïíàÿ áóðîâàÿ ïëàòôîðìà èìååò âåðõíåå ñòðîåíèå âåñîì 32 òûñÿ÷è òîíí. Çäåñü æå áóäåò ïðèìå- íåíà âåñîì 40 òûñÿ÷ òîíí, à âûñîòà ïëàòôîðìû ñîñòà- âèò 130 ìåòðîâ. Åå óíèêàëüíîñòü çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ è â íà- ëè÷èè îáîðóäîâàíèÿ äëÿ îòñîåäèíåíèÿ â ñëó÷àå óãðîçû ñòîëêíîâåíèÿ ñ àéñáåðãîì èëè ëåäîâûì ïîëåì. Îäíèì èç êðóïíåéøèõ â ìèðå áóäåò è çàâîä ÑÏÃ. Âåñ âñåãî òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ ñîñòàâèò 160 òû- ñÿ÷ òîíí. Ñàì çàâîä ÑÏà áóäåò ñîáðàí èç 23 ìîäóëåé îáùèì âåñîì 64 òûñÿ÷è òîíí, âûñîòîé 40 ìåòðîâ, øè- ðèíîé 270 è äëèíîé 700 ìåòðîâ. Òîëüêî êàáåëÿ áóäåò çàòðà÷åíî áîëåå 9 òûñÿ÷ êèëîìåòðîâ, à íà áåòîííûå ðàáîòû ïîòðåáóåòñÿ 200 òûñÿ÷ ì 3 áåòîíà. Ïåðâàÿ î÷å- ðåäü çàâîäà ÑÏà áóäåò èìåòü è ñîáñòâåííóþ ýëåêòðî- ñòàíöèþ ìîùíîñòüþ 600 ìåãàâàòò. Êðîìå ýòîãî íà áåðåãó ïðåäñòîèò ïîñòðîèòü äâà ðå- çåðâóàðà îáúåìîì 160 òûñÿ÷ ì 3 , ïîðòîâûå îáúåêòû äëÿ çàãðóçêè ÑÏà â ñóäà-ãàçîâîçû, ëîãèñòè÷åñêóþ áàçó, ãà- âàíü äëÿ âñïîìîãàòåëüíîãî ôëîòà, àäìèíèñòðàòèâíûé êîìïëåêñ, æèëüå, îáúåêòû ñîöêóëüòáûòà. Î ìàñøòàáàõ ïðîåêòà ãîâîðÿò è òàêèå öèôðû: îáú¸ì çåìëÿíûõ ðàáîò è ïåðåìåùåíèå ñêàëüíîãî ãðóíòà ïðè âîçâåäåíèè áåðå- ãîâûõ îáúåêòîâ ñîèçìåðèìû ñ îáúåìîì 7 – 10 åãèïåò- ñêèõ ïèðàìèä.  ñòðîèòåëüñòâå áóäåò çàäåéñòâîâàíî 120 àâòîáóñîâ, 200 ëåãêîâûõ àâòîìîáèëåé, 700 áîëüøåãðóç- íûõ àâòîìîáèëåé. Äëÿ ïåðåãðóçêè êðóïíîãàáàðèòíîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ óñòàíîâÿò äâà êðàíà ãðóçîïîäúåìíîñòüþ 1250 è òðè êðàíà ãðóçîïîäúåìíîñòüþ 800 òîíí. Ó÷àñòèå ðîññèéñêèõ êîìïàíèé â ðåàëèçàöèè ïåðâîé ôàçû ïðîåêòà ïîçâîëèò íàðàáîòàòü îïûò è ñîçäàòü ïðî- èçâîäñòâà äëÿ ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíîãî âîïëîùåíèÿ â æèçíü 2, 3 è 4 ôàç Øòîêìàíîâñêîãî ïðîåêòà. Ðàçóìååòñÿ áåç- äóìíî íèêòî ïðèîðèòåò ðîññèéñêèì êîìïàíèÿì îòäàâàòü íå áóäåò. Äëÿ ýòîãî èì íåîáõîäèìî îáåñïå÷èòü âûñîêîå êà÷åñòâî ïðîäóêöèè è ðàáîò, êîíêóðåíòîñïîñîáíîñòü, ïðèåìëåìûå öåíû è ñîáëþäåíèå ñðîêà ïîñòàâîê. Ñåãîäíÿ èç 300 ìèëëèîíîâ äîëëàðîâ, óæå çàòðà÷åí- íûõ â ðàìêàõ ðåàëèçàöèè ïðîåêòà, íà äîëþ ðîññèéñêèõ êîìïàíèé ïðèõîäèòñÿ 107 ìèëëèîíîâ. Ñðåäè ïàðòíåðîâ «Øòîêìàí Äåâåëîïìåíò Àû óæå çíà÷àòñÿ ðîññèéñêèå êîì- ïàíèè. ÎÎÎ «ÔÐÝÊÎÌ» ïðîâîäèò ìîðñêèå èíæåíåðíî- ãåîëîãè÷åñêèå èçûñêàíèÿ, ÇÀÎ «Ìîðíåôòåãàçïðîåêò» çàíèìàåòñÿ îáîñíîâàíèåì èíâåñòèöèé ïðîåêòà, ÔÃÓÏ «Ðóáèí» ðàáîòàåò íàä ïðîåêòîì ïîäâîäíîãî äîáû÷íîãî êîìïëåêñà è òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîé ïëàòôîðìû FPU ñîâìåñò- íî ñ êîìïàíèåé Doris Engineering. ÎÀÎ «Ãèïðîñïåöãàç» ïî 2013. Two offshore trunklines will be laid from the field to the coast not only to bring down the pressure but also to increase the number of potential contracts for delivering pipes for domestic factories. Taking into account that Russian manufacturers do not make gas turbine power plants of 220 MW power capacity, Shtokman Development AG decided to use plants of 160 MW capacity, which are produced in Russia. The offshore part of the project is expected to employ semi-submersible drilling platforms, a processing vessel for gas treatment, subsea production units with two templates of 16-20 wells each, which are also produced in Russia, a system of flexible risers for delivering gas to the floater and two trunklines. As Herve Madeo, Deputy CEO at Shtokman Development AG, noted in his speech, realization of the Shtokman project will provide Murmansk with every opportunity to get ranked among the well-known oil and gas capitals of the world like Aberdeen and Stavanger. But to achieve this, Murmansk region has to develop its infrastructure. The Shtokman project impresses not only by the scale of gas reserves and complexity of work to be done, but also by the machinery and equipment to be used in its implementation. Processing platforms have already been mentioned. Drilling rigs are huge as well. Today the world largest drilling rig has the topside weighing 32 thousand tons. In this project a rig of 130 m high weighing 40 thousand tons will be used. Its uniqueness lies also in facilities to ensure disconnection of the rig at risk of collision with an iceberg or ice field. The LNG plant is going to be one of the biggest in the world. Total weight of the whole technological equipment will amount to 160 thousand tons. The plant itself will be made up of 23 modules, 64 thousand tons each, it will be 40 m high, 270 m wide and 700 m long. More than 9 thousand km of cable and 200 thousand m 3 of concrete will be used. The first stage of the LNG plant will have its own electrical power plant of 600 MW capacity. In addition, two storage tanks of 160 thousand m 3 , harbour facilities for loading gas-carriers with LNG, a logistic base, harbour for support fleet, office complex, living base, and utilities are to be built onshore. The huge scale of the project can be illustrated with the following figures: the volume of earthmoving works and removal of rocks can be compared to construction of 7-10 Egyptian pyramids. 120 buses, 200 cars and 700 heavy lorries will be involved in the construction. To load and unload heavy lift cargoes two cranes of 1250-ton hoisting capacity and three cranes of 800-ton hoisting capacity are to be mounted. Participation of Russian companies in the first phase of the project will enable them to gain experience and to get prepared for realizing the 2nd, 3rd and 4th phases of