МурманшельфИнфо. 2009, N 1 (6).

ïî îáðàáîòêå òåïëîâûõ ñíèìêîâ, à âñòðîåííàÿ öèôðîâàÿ êàìåðà ïîçâîëÿåò â äîïîëíåíèå ê òå- ïëîâèçèîííîìó ñíèìêó äåëàòü ðåàëüíóþ ôîòî- ãðàôèþ îáúåêòà òåïëîâèçèîííîãî êîíòðîëÿ. Ñ ÿíâàðÿ 2009 ãîäà íà÷àëñÿ âûïóñê îáíîâ- ëåííîé âåðñèè òåïëîâèçîðîâ Testo 880-1. Òåïåðü òåïëîâèçîð Testo 880-1 ïîñòàâëÿåòñÿ ñî âñòðî- åííîé öèôðîâîé ôîòîêàìåðîé è îñíàùåí íîâû- ìè ôóíêöèÿìè: àâòîìàòè÷åñêîå ðàñïîçíàâàíèå ãîðÿ÷èõ/õîëîäíûõ òî÷åê, áûñòðàÿ íàñòðîéêà êî- ýôôèöèåíòà èçëó÷åíèÿ, ïîçâîëÿþùàÿ íàáëþäàòü èçìåíåíèå òåïëîâîãî èçîáðàæåíèÿ â ðåæèìå ðå- àëüíîãî âðåìåíè, ðó÷íîé çàïóñê ñàìîêàëèáðîâêè òåïëîâèçîðà. Ïîëíîñòüþ îáíîâëåíî òàêæå ïðîôåññèî- íàëüíîå ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå (ÏÎ) IRSoft 2.0, îòëè÷àþùååñÿ óëó÷øåííûì èíòåðôåéñîì. Ñ íîâûì ÏÎ äîñòóïíû ñëåäóþùèå âîçìîæíîñòè: àíàëèç íåñêîëüêèõ èçîáðàæåíèé îäíîâðåìåííî; âêëþ÷åíèå íåñêîëüêèõ èçîáðàæåíèé â îò÷åò; ïî- ëó÷åíèå ìèí/ìàêñ çíà÷åíèÿ â ãèñòîãðàììå; ðàñ- ïîçíàâàíèå ñàìîé ãîðÿ÷åé/õîëîäíîé òî÷êè; íà- ñòðîéêà êîýôôèöèåíòà èçëó÷åíèÿ äëÿ îáëàñòè èëè ïèêñåëÿ. Новые материалы Îäíà èç ïðè÷èí àâàðèéíîñòè ïðîìûñëîâûõ òðóáîïðîâîäíûõ ñèñòåì – êîððîçèÿ. Âîçìîæíûì ðåøåíèåì ïðîáëåìû êîððîçèîííîé çàùèòû íå- ôòåïðîìûñëîâûõ òðóáîïðîâîäîâ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðè- ìåíåíèå íåìåòàëëè÷åñêèõ ìàòåðèàëîâ è êîí- ñòðóêöèé òðóá.  ÎÎÎ «Òðóáîïðîâîä ÑïåöÑòðîé» (ã. Ïåðìü) ðàçðàáîòàíà òåõíîëîãèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâà äâóõñëîéíûõ áèïëàñòìàññîâûõ òðóá. Íàðóæíûì ñèëîâûì ñëîåì òðóáû ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñòåêëîïëàñòèêî- âàÿ îáîëî÷êà, â êà÷åñòâå âíóòðåííåãî ãåðìåòè- çèðóþùåãî ñëîÿ ïðèìåíåí ïîëèýòèëåí íèçêîãî äàâëåíèÿ. Àäãåçèÿ ìåæäó ñòåêëîïëàñòèêîì è ïî- ëèýòèëåíîì îáåñïå÷èâàåòñÿ ââåäåíèåì äîïîë- íèòåëüíîãî ïðîìåæóòî÷íîãî ñëîÿ ñîïîëèìåðà ýòèëåíà ñ âèíèëàöåòàòîì. Êðîìå òîãî, äëÿ çàùè- òû ñòåêëîïëàñòèêîâîé îáîëî÷êè îò âîçäåéñòâèÿ âíåøíåé ñðåäû è íåðåãëàìåíòèðóåìîé âëàæíî- ñòè â êîíñòðóêöèè òðóáû èñïîëüçîâàí íàðóæíûé ñìîëÿíîé ñëîé. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, áèïëàñòìàññîâûå òðóáû ñî÷åòàþò âûñîêóþ ïðî÷íîñòü è æåñòêîñòü áëàãîäàðÿ âåðõíåé ñèëîâîé ñòåêëîïëàñòèêîâîé îáîëî÷êå, à òàêæå íàäåæíóþ ãåðìåòè÷íîñòü. Áè- ïëàñòìàññîâûå òðóáû íà÷àëè àêòèâíî ïðèìåíÿòü- ñÿ íà íåôòåïðîìûñëàõ Óðàëüñêî-Ïîâîëæñêîãî ðåãèîíà, îäíàêî ïðè òðàíñïîðòèðîâêå áèîïëàò- ìàññîâûõ òðóá, ìîíòàæå è èñïûòàíèÿõ òðóáîïðî- âîäîâ â óñëîâèÿõ òåìïåðàòóð íèæå -30 ãðàäóñîâ, áûëè çàôèêñèðîâàíû ñëó÷àè õðóïêîãî ðàçðóøå- íèÿ ïîëèýòèëåíîâîé îáîëî÷êè òðóá. Ïîäîáíûå îòêàçû ðàíåå íå âñòðå÷àëèñü, ïîýòîìó íåîáõî- äèìî áûëî ïðîäîëæèòü èññëåäîâàíèÿ è âûÿñíèòü ïðè÷èíû îòêàçîâ. Èñïûòàíèÿ ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî ïîòåíöèàëüíî îïàñ- íûì ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñîñòîÿíèå ñ íàïðÿæåíèåì áîëåå 50 ÌÏà. Îïàñíîñòü õðóïêîãî ðàçðóøåíèÿ ïîâûøàåòñÿ ïðè íàëè÷èè òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ íàïðÿæåíèé, âîçíè- êàþùèõ â ïðîöåññå òåðìîîáðàáîòêè òðóá. Îñíîâ- íûì ñïîñîáîì, óìåíüøàþùèì ñóììàðíûå íàïðÿ- æåíèÿ â ïîëèýòèëåíîâîì ñëîå, ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñíèæåíèå òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ îñòàòî÷íûõ íàïðÿæåíèé íà ðàç- ëè÷íûõ ýòàïàõ èçãîòîâëåíèÿ òðóá, à òàêæå ñ ïîìî- ùüþ ðåëàêñàöèè äàííûõ íàïðÿæåíèé ïðè õðàíå- íèè òðóá ïåðåä çàïóñêîì â ýêñïëóàòàöèþ. Òåïåðü áèïëàñòìàññîâûå òðóáû âûäåðæèâàþò íèçêèå òåìïåðàòóðû äî 40-45 ãðàäóñîâ. The software is completely modernized. The distinguishing feature of the IRSoft 2.0 is its improved interface. The new software makes it possible to analyze several images simultaneously, to include several images into account, to obtain min/max values in histogramme, to detect the coldest/hottest spots; to tune emission factor for a scope or pixel. New materials One of the main causes of emergencies in industrial pipelines is corrosion. The possible solution to the problem of corrosion prevention is the use of non-metal materials and structures in pipe production. Truboprovod Spets-Story ltd. (Perm) has designed a new technology of two- layer biplastic pipe production. The casing of the pipe is an outer glass-fibroplastic layer whereas polyethylene of low pressure is used as an inner pressurizing layer. Adhesion between the glass- fibroplastic and polyethylene is provided by introducing an intermediate layer of co-polymer of ethylene with vinyl-acetate. Besides to protect the glass-fibroplastic casing from environmental influences and uncontrolled humidity an outer resin layer is used. Thus biplastic pipes combine high strength and rigidity due to the outer force casing with reliable hermetic properties. Biplastic pipes came into use in oil industry of the Urals and the Volga-basin regions, however, some cases of fracture failure of pipe polyethylene casing were noted during transportation, assembling and testing of pipelines at temperatures below 30°C. Such failures had never occurred before, that’s why it was necessary to continue tests to find out the cause of them. The tests showed that potentially dangerous is the condition of stress exceeding 50 MPa. The danger of fracture failure grows in case of technological stresses generated in the process of heat treatment of pipes. The main method of decreasing the total stress in polyethylene layers is reducing the residual stresses at different stages of pipe production and also by means of relaxing the stresses while storing pipes before putting them into operation. Now biplastic pipes endure low temperatures up to 40-45°C. 72 ìàðò 2009 ¹ 1 (6) ÌóðìàíøåëüôÈíôî