Physics of auroral phenomena : proceedings of the 39th annual seminar, Apatity, 29 February-4 March, 2016 / [ed. board: N. V. Semenova, A. G. Yahnin]. - Апатиты : Издательство Кольского научного центра РАН, 2016. - 167 с. : ил., табл.

Substonn obseivations of the MAIN in Apatity during St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storms in 2013 and 2015 the Earth orbit. In 4:45 UT a geomagnetic sudden impulse was registered in all stations o f the IMAGE magnetometers network which indicated that the shock wave formed by the CME swept past our planet. It coincides with the storm sudden commencement when SYM/H index jumped from 16 to 66 nT. A Magnetic cloud passed the Earth and just after it a HSS superposed and contributed to the storm duration. DST index reached the value -228 nT in 22:47 UT on 17 March 2015. The solar wind magnetic cloud (MC) and the high speed stream (HSS) regions are shown by shaded red (to the left) and green (to the right) rectangles. 1 6 2 0 2 4 2 8 16-27 March 2015 600 400 400 600 I 50 I 25 0 1.0E-6 0.0E-W0 = 20 о 0 -1000 < -2000 Figure 1. Solar wind and IMF parameters, AL and SYM/H indices on March 16-27, 2015. Top-down: magnetic field magnitude and the IMF Bz component, the stream velocity V, the X component o f the solar wind velocity, the density N, the temperature T, the solar wind dynamic pressure P, the geomagnetic index AL and the index SYM\H. The time period of the magnetic cloud (MC) and high speed stream (HSS) are marked as red and green crosshatched areas, respectively. The onset times o f 3 substorms are marked by blue solid vertical lines. Under these highly disturbed conditions, 8 substorms were identified by the all-sky camera in Apatity: two o f them occurred during the main storm phase, one - in the vicinity of the SYM/H peak, on 17 March 2015. five - in the recovery phase and in the late recovery phase of the storm, on 18 and 20 March 2015. Below an example of substorm observations is presented - one substorm event during the storm main phase in 17: 36 UT on 17 March 2015. In Fig. 2 one substorm development during co-called “St. Patrick’s Day 2015 Event” was presented. Development of the substorm on 17 March 2015 in 17:36:40 by chosen all-sky images (top panel), by all-sky keogram (left bottom panel) and Guppy (GC) camera keograms (right bottom panels). The world directions are marked in the first image; the universal time is written above each image. The substorm was observed during the main phase of the severe geomagnetic storm on 17 March 2015. The SYM/H value at the moment of substorm onset was — 163 nT. As seen in figure substorm auroras appeared in the South part of the field of view in 17:36 40 UT For some minutes auroras stayed in the South part of the field of view. In 17:42 UT a fast motion towards North was observed and in 17:45:30 UT the auroras occupied the whole field of view. 12