Physics of auroral phenomena : proceedings of the 38th annual seminar, Apatity, 2-6 march, 2015 / [ed. board: A. G. Yahnin, N. V. Semenova]. - Апатиты : Издательство Кольского научного центра РАН, 2015. - 189 с. : ил., табл.

I. У. Mingalev et al. Figure 2. The distribution of the neutral gas temperature, computed 412 hours after the beginning of calculations, as function of longitude and latitude at the altitude of 50 km. The degree of shadowing of the figure indicates the temperature in K. 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 285 2S0 Let us compare these experimental data with the simulation results, obtained in the present study for January conditions. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that a circumpolar cyclone is formed in the northern hemisphere in the winter period (the motion of the neutral gas is primarily eastward), simultaneously, a circumpolar anticyclone is formed in the southern hemisphere in the summer period (the motion of the neutral gas is primarily westward). It can be noticed that the centers of the northern cyclone and southern anticyclone are displaced from the poles a little. Thus, the circumpolar vortices of the northern and southern hemispheres, calculated in the present study, correspond well to the global circulation of the stratosphere and mesosphere, obtained from observations for January conditions. The results of simulation indicate that, in the course of time, the global distributions of the gas dynamic parameters of the lower and middle atmosphere of the Earth acquire a tendency to fluctuate, with the period of the fluctuations being close to one day. Thus, daily variations of the gas dynamic parameters, conditioned by the rotation of the Earth around its axis, may be reproduced by the new version of the mathematical model of the global wind system and heat regime of the Earth’s lower and middle atmosphere. Conclusion The new version of the mathematical model of the Earth’s lower and middle atmosphere has been described which enables to calculate the global wind system and heat regime at levels of the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. The system of governing equations contains the equations of continuity for air and for the total water content in all phase states, momentum equations for the zonal, meridional, and vertical components of the air velocity, and internal energy equation. The new version of the mathematical model is non-hydrostatic. The internal energy equation for the atmospheric gas is written by using a relaxation approach. The new version of the mathematical model produces three-dimensional time-dependent global distributions of the gas dynamic parameters of the lower and middle atmosphere in the layer surrounding the Earth globally and stretching from the ground up to the altitude of 75 km. The time evolution of the global distributions of the gas dynamic parameters has been simulated during the January period for about four hundreds of hours. The new version of the mathematical model can reproduce daily variations of the gas dynamic parameters, conditioned by the rotation of the Earth around its axis. The results of simulation have reproduced the circumpolar vortices of the northern and southern hemispheres which are well known from observations. Acknowledgements. This work was partly supported by the Presidium of the RAS through the Program No. 9 and by Grant No. 13-01-00063 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. References Belotserkovskii, O.M., Mingalev, I.V., Mingalev, V.S., Mingalev, O.V. and Oparin, A.M. Mechanism of the appearance of a large-scale vortex in the troposphere above a nonuniformly heated surface, Doklady Earth Sciences, 411(8), 1284-1288, 2006. Mingalev, I.V. and Mingalev, V.S. The global circulation model of the lower and middle atmosphere of the Earth with a given temperature distribution, Mathematical Modeling, 17(5), 24-40, 2005 (in Russian). Mingalev, I.V., Mingalev, V.S. and Mingaleva, G.I. Numerical simulation of global distributions of the horizontal and vertical wind in the middle atmosphere using a given neutral gas temperature field, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 69, 552-568, 2007. Mingalev, I.V., Orlov, K.G., and Mingalev, V.S. A computational study o f the transformation of global gas flows in the Earth’s atmosphere over the course of a year. Open Journal o f Fluid Dynamics, 4, 379-402, 2014a. Mingalev, I.V., Astafieva, N.M., Orlov, K.G., Mingalev, V.S., Mingalev, O.V., and Chechetkin, V.M. Numerical modeling of the initial formation o f cyclonic vortices at tropical latitudes. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 4, 899-906, 2014b. Picone, J. М., Hedin, A. E., Drob, D. P., and Aikin, A. C. NRLMSISE-00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues. J. Geophys. Res., 107 A, (SIA 15), 1-16, 2002. 75____— 180-160-140-120-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Longitude 183