Physics of auroral phenomena : proceedings of the 36th Annual seminar, Apatity, 26 February – 01 March, 2013 / [ed. board: A. G. Yahnin, A. A. Mochalov]. - Апатиты : Издательство Кольского научного центра РАН, 2013. - 215 с. : ил., табл.

Yu. V. Balabin et al. is obvious that in this case the particles with large pitch angles have significantly less drift velocity along the field line and reach the Earth later than the particles propagating with small pitch angles. It is noteworthy that during the GLE growth phase there are few particles with pitch angles >90°. After 02:30 UT the flux at large angles has increased and the gap has been smoothed. Energy, GeV Degrees Fig. 1 a) Derived spectra of RSP; b) Pitch-angle distribution for the three moments o f time. Time. UT Time, UT NWRK 3,5 1,5 Time, UT 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 1,5 Time, UT 2,0 2,5 3,0 Time, UT 3,5 THUL 2,0 2,5 3,0 Time, UT 3,5 F ig .2 GLE71. Increase profiles on some NM stations (red lines) vs derived responses on these stations (blue dots). APTY - Apatity, KIEL - Kiel, OULU - Oulu, FRSM - Fort Smith, NWRK - Newark, THUL - Thule. The GLE71 event also has its specific spectra of RSP. First, during the event (up to 03:10 UT) energy spectrum (after solving the spectra are converted into energy units) of RSP has an exponential form, i.e. is approximated by the expression J(E) = J 0 -e x p (-£ / E0) (5) where E0 is characteristic energy, J(E) is energetic spectrum of RSP. Secondly, characteristic energy E0 0:36 GeV is lower then usual one E0 = 0:5-0.6 GeV [8]. In [9], we calculated the spectrum o f RSP generated during the actual solar flare 14.07.2000 (the Bastille Day GLE). On the basis of the magnetograms o f the Sun and measurements of plasma velocity it was modeled the magnetic reconnection region, in which protons are accelerated to relativistic energies. The modeled spectrum of RSP, leaving the Sun, had a pure exponential form. The main parameter determining the characteristic energy E0 was the plasma velocity inflow in the reconnection region. A lower value OULU 104