Physics of auroral phenomena : proceedings of the 33rd Annual seminar, Apatity, 02 - 05 March, 2010 / [ed.: A.G. Yahnin, A. A. Mochalov]. - Апатиты : Издательство Кольского научного центра РАН, 2011. - 206 с. : ил.

“P hysics o fAuroral P henom ena", Proc. XXXIII A n n u a l Sem inar, Apatity, pp. 201 - 204, 2011 © Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Science, 2011 Polar Geophysical Institute INDICES OF HUMAN URINARY EXCRETION OF THIOL AND UROCHROME IN THE ANTARCTIC AND THEIR CORRELATION TO COSMOGEOPHYSICAL FACTORS V.V. Ivanov1, E.S. Gorshkov1, V .V . Soko lov sk i2 1St. Petersburg Branch o f the Institute o f Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation o f The Russian Academy o fSciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia 2The Institutefo r Analytical Instrumentation o f The Russian Academy o fSciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia Abstract. The daily monitoring of the dynamics of urinary excretion of thiols and urochrome (in an individual in the extreme conditions of the Antarctic during the period of February 2001-January 2002) was executed. Similarities and differences between fluctuations in the rhythm of thiols and urochrome excretion intensity and periods of variations of a range of cosmophysical factors were discovered. It was shown that urochrome also participates in regulating antioxidant status of a body, due to common functional relation to urine thiols and due to similar influence from the cosmophysical factors. More proofs were gained that the factors of cosmophysical origin influence endogenous thiols oxidation time. Introduction The studies of fluctuations of unithiol oxidation time with nitrite ion [1] made in the Antarctic in 1996-1997 allowed detecting their rhythmic mode and high correlation to changes in the speed of onward and rotary movement o f the Earth caused by the gravitational impact from the Sun and the Moon. These results, being considered in the light of the ideas o f thiol compounds playing a key role in biological regulation mechanisms, proved a monitor study of ‘thiol status’ of organism being reasonable and necessary. The methodical approaches we engaged in the research of biochemical and biorhythmological mechanisms of an individual’s adjustment to the extreme conditions of the Antarctic had two specific traits. The first one corresponds with the role of antioxidant system in biochemical mechanism of adjustment and non­ specific resistance to extreme factors of the environment, which was mentioned in the research review, and with the universal role of thiols in the functioning of this system. The second trait is defined with the following considerations: it is believed that 95% of normal color of urine depends on the presence o f urochrome. The chemical structure (or content) of urochrome is not clear enough. The pigment is supposed to be a result o f decomposition of the amino acid triptophane. The presence of indole structure in the molecules of the main metabolites of triptophane (indoleacetic acid, etc.) and of its derivants, for example, melatonin, gives two common features to these substances - yellow color and high oxidation capacity. The last circumstance gave a real possibility to define a close functional chemical relation between urinary pigments and appearing of thiols in urine, which is caused by their antioxidant activity. Therefore, the work was aimed at collecting information about functional state of the ‘thiol-urochrome’ system of an individual at a long-term stress and at analysis of its possible application for estimating a body antioxidant status. The work in this direction was performed within 12 months, from February 2001 to January 2002, as a part of the 46th Russian Antarctic Expedition at the Antarctic station Vostok by one of its participants. The main task was to define sum quantity and concentration o f thiols and urochrome in human urine per day and then to compare the results with cosmogeophysical data. Guidelines The program and metod of biochemical urine test were designed on the basis of the results or a trial experiment performed in Saint Petersburg by Sokolovski V.V. and Sokolovski T.M. Concentration of thiols is urine was measured by Ellamnn’s spectrophotometric method [2] using calibration curve. The measuring of urochrome concentration was based on the discovered capacity of urochrome to absorb the light with the same wave length as DTNB reagent does, with the help of calibration curve to calculate thiols concentration. We measured optical density of solutions with a photoelectric microphotocolorimeter MKMF-1 with a violet light filter (wave length 425 nm). All the physiological samples of urine were collected and tested daily (7-8 times per day average, more than 2800 samples in total). Amount and concentration of thiols and urochrome (Ssh, Csh, 2ur, Cur) were measured, as well as volume of each portion of urine. 201