Physics of auroral phenomena : proceedings of the 33rd Annual seminar, Apatity, 02 - 05 March, 2010 / [ed.: A.G. Yahnin, A. A. Mochalov]. - Апатиты : Издательство Кольского научного центра РАН, 2011. - 206 с. : ил.

University satellites development program During the operation o f the satellite there were realized several scientific goals: - charged particles measurements, including solar cosmic rays and their penetration into magnetosphere during the solar flares, radiation belts particles and their dynamic, relativistic electrons below the earth’s radiation belts; - UV measurements (atmospheric glow, auroras in both hemispheres, UV flashes from the transient light events); - studying single event upsets in memory microcircuits behind different shielding. For solving these problems, the scientific payload intended for recording the charged particles fluxes (electrons, protons, a-particles) in wide energy ranges (from 1 keV to 200 MeV) and ultraviolet radiation of the Earth’s atmosphere was installed onboard the microsatellite. During two years o f operation the onboard payload had shown stable operation of detectors, electronics and photomultiplier of DUV detector at airless design of the microsatellite and passive stabilization of temperature (Sadovnichy et al., 2007). From the very first hours on the orbit, the satellite was taken part in the research: its launch coincided in time with a solar flare. At the March, 2007 the connection to the satellite was abruptly lost, although it is still been tracked by ground navigation systems. Now MSU studies possibilities to reanimate the satellite. Universitetsky-Tatiana-2 The Tatiana-2 satellite was launched in September, 2009. Its main scientific goal - the detection of transient light effects in the atmosphere and the ionosphere - was raised after the “Universitetsky- Tatiana” experiment with UV detector. The project was developed by the collaboration o f the universities and the institutes of Russia, Korea and Mexico. (Dmitriev et al., 2009) Fig. 2. The model o f the Tatiana-2 satellite. Thefields o f view o f optical detectors are shown on the figure. The scientific equipment consist of 3 main devices: detector of ultraviolet and red radiation (UV and R) with the operation ranges of wavelengths for two photo-receivers (photomultipliers) of 300-400 nm and 600-700 nm, correspondingly; scintillation detector of the charged particles flux with scintillator's area 400 cm2; detector MTEL for study of transient events (telescope and spectrometer). YouthSat The YouthSat is a Russian-Indian scientific and educational university satellite. The collaboration of its development includes Moscow State University, Glavkosmos Company, and Indian Space Research Organization. The total power assumption of the satellite is up to 215 W, the payload assumption is 25...30 W. It can download up to 8 Mbytes of data per day. It is prepared to be launched at circle solar-synchronous orbit. The satellite includes several main instruments. The Russian party - M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University - provides the development of the scientific equipment SolRad (Solar Radiation). There are two main goals of the instrument: the scientific goal is to register hard X-rays and gamma-rays from solar cosmic rays and GRBs, high- energy charged particles into the magnetosphere and upper atmosphere. This is need to investigate their influence on the near-Earth magnetosphere; the educational goal is to attract students and postgraduates to advanced studies in the space physics in general and Solar-to-Earth connections in particular. The SolRad consists of detectors module including hard X- and Gamma-rays spectrometer (0.1... 10 MeV), electrons (0.4...4 MeV), protons (4... 100 MeV), alpha-particles (4... 100 MeV/n) and electronics module with processing unit and inner- satellite interfaces. The instrument detects solar flares with fluxes >10'8Erg/cm2. The solar forecasts models should be upgraded based on the scientific data from the instrument. All the Russian equipment now is successfully mounted onboard and passed the preparation tests. The satellite is ready to launch in the end of 2010. Lomonosov The Lomonosov program prepares a new satellite for fundamental study of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays and gamma-bursts, transient light events in the Earth’s atmosphere and dosimetric investigations for high-latitudinal manned space missions. The satellite will be launched at circle solar- synchronous orbit at 500...600 km altitude. Its total mass not exceed 400 kg including up to 150 kg of payload. The total power consumption is about 300 1 4 1