Авроральные явления - 78 : результаты работ по программе Международного года исследований магнитосферы : материалы наблюдений Полярного геофизического института за 1978 г. : (оперативно-информационный материал) / Акад. наук СССР, Кол. фил. им. С. М. Кирова, Поляр. геофиз. ин-т ; [отв. ред. Б. Е. Брюнелли].

4 АІШОЕАІ і PHENOMENA - 78 I M S - Observational Data of Polar Geophysical Institute USSB A c ademy of Sciences Edit o r B.E.Brunelli Apatity - 1979. The volume contains the results of geophysical observations carried out at the stations of Polar Geophysical Institute at Kola peninsula in 1978. The report con tinues the series started in 1970. Since 1977 the data are published in two volumes: "Auroral Phenomena" m a inly w i t h geomagnetic and auroral data and "Ionospheric Hieno- mena" w i t h E-plots,riometer and radar data. The present report contains magnetograms, tables of hourly range ( rH ), tables of geomagnetic pulsations occurence, ascaplots, the main auroral emission tables. The magnetograms (H-component) are obtained as a rule from station Loparskaya, in some cases they are replaced by station Lovozero. In those cases a notice and special scale arrow are given. The pulsations are selected according to Heacock's d efinition /15/,the description of the procedure is given in the previous volume/ 8 /„ Ascaplots are presented as usual - for each half anh hour interval (+ 15min fr o m the p o i n t e d value) aurora occurence in the northern, zenith and southern directions are g iv e n on three upper lines. If the aurora intensity in the zenith direction is more t h a n class I ,two lower lines are used. Cloudness (partial or complete) is marked b y dots or vertical lines respectively. The time of the moon appearance is marked b y horisontal line over the graph. 427,8 ; 557,7 5 6 3 0 and 6 5 6 , 3 n m emission inten sities (in 8 class scale) and the transparence values ( А-good transparency, B,C - partial or complete cloudness ) are given in the tables. The geographical and corrected geomagnetic coordinates of the stations are given in the Table I. The universal time is used everywhere. Sometimes midnight and noon are also marked. The local midnight for the Kola peninsula is 2 2 UT. The local magnetic mi dnight corresponds to 21.01,20.43 and 21.19 at equinox and near June and December solstices correspondingly. The studied 1978 y e a r is placed ne a r the beginning of XXI solar cycle.Smoothed sun spot n u m b e r / 1 2 / and the mean values of h o urly range rH for Loparskaya are presented at Fig.I. Both are i n c r e a s i n g ,the growth of rH is smaller,the level of magnetic activity is close to m i n i m u m of 1977« Geophysical activity for each ho u r of the year,compiled f r o m the data of aurora, geomagnetic.and ionospheric disturbances is given at Calendar, Fi g . 2 . One can see the duirnal v a riation w i t h the decreasing of activity in day time (middle part of each row) and the seasonal one with the higher activity during the first half of the year and the deep decreasing in summer months. The seasonal varia ti o n is given at F i g . 3 . Geomagnetic activity is the highest in April. This year the spring m a x i m u m is h i g h e r t h a n usual one (average of 9 years) and is placed a bit later. The probability of ionospheric disturbances and their intensity are higher du ri n g winter months t h a n usually.Before the spring equinox the me a n intensity of aurora is gradually growing. In the second ha l f of the year the level of auroral activity is .low. The hi g h geomagnetic activity in spring is also seen f r o m duirnal variation of mean (Fig.4a). In w i nter the activity is h i g h e r at evening hours,in summer-at mor ning. The activity near autumn equinox is usually low during the whole day. Ionosphe ric disturbances are m a ximum at night,when the contribution of corpuscular ionization is greater than the UV o n e ; as for seasons the disturbances are highest in w i nter and spring. The m a ximum near midnight is typical for the luminosity of all emissions of