Змеева О. В. Социальный порядок на Мурманстройке. Часть 1. Этнические группы - акторы социальной системы // Ученые записки Петрозаводского государственного университета. - 2021.

Социальный порядок на Мурманстройке. Часть 1. Этнические группы - акторы социальной системы 77 20. N a c h t i g a l R . Privilegiensystem und Zwangs-rekrutierung: Russische Nationalitatenpolitik gegentiber Kriegsgefangenen aus Oster-reich-Ungarn // Kriegsgefangene im Europa des Ersten Weltkrieges (Jochen Oltmer, Ed.). Paderborn, 2005. P. 167-193. 21. P a r s o n s T. Order as a social problem // The concept of order. (P. G. Kuntz, Ed.). Seattle: University of Wash ington Press, 1968. P. 373-384. 2 2 . P a r s o n s T. Social structure and personality. Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press, 1963. 376 p. 23. P a r s o n s T. The role of ideas in social action // American Sociological Review. 1938. Vol. 3. P. 13-20. 24. P a r s o n s T. The social system. Glencoe, Illinois: The Free Press, 1951. 575 p. 25. P a r s o n s T. The structure of social action. New York: McGraw Hill, 1937. 775 p. Поступила в редакцию 23.07.2021; принята к публикации 03.09.2021 Original article Olga У. Zmeeva, Cand. Sc. (History), Senior Researcher, Ba rents Centre of the Humanities - Branch of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Apatity, Russian Federation) zmeyeva@rambler.ru SOCIAL ORDER ON MURMANSK RAILWAY. PART 1. ETHNIC GROUPS - SOCIAL SYSTEM ACTORS A b s t r a c t . Construction of the Murmansk Railway connecting the capital of the Russian Empire with the Arctic Ocean is considered as a process of creating regional communities. The key problem is the question of social actions compliance with the expectations of the construction participants. The object of the study is the guards recruited to protect and monitor the workers. This object was chosen due to the intermediate position of the lower rank groups in the “subordination- management” system. The purpose of the first part of the publication is to identify the consequences of the management decisions aimed at changing the social structure, which eventually changed the general functionality of the social system. The author concludes that the social structure of Murmanstroika (the construction of the Murmansk Railway ) was formed mainly on the basis of the management’s ideas about the professional qualities of ethnic groups. The relevance of the research lies in the use of the sociological approach for the study of a historical phenomenon - the construction of a strategic military object. The novelty of the study is that it considers the Murmansk Railway for the first time not as an object of construction involving numerous groups of workers, but as a social system in a situation of “mobile equilibrium”. Relying on certain elements of Talcott Parsons’ social system concept enabled the author to identify some features of the impact of the social structure on the emergence of the stable types of interaction between ethnic groups. K e y w o r d s : Murmansk Railway, 1915-1916, social system, social structure, actor, ethnic groups A c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s . The study was conducted as part of the project No 0226-2019-0066 “Sociocultural, scientific and technical development of the northwestern part of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation in the X IX - XX centuries: historical and anthropological perspectives”. F o r c i t a t i o n : Zmeeva, О. V. Social order on Murmansk Railway Part 1. Ethnic groups - social system actors. Proceedings o f Petrozavodsk State University. 2021 ;43 (8):70—78. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2021.695 REFERENCES 1. A g a m i r z o e v , К . M. The way to the North: a historical essay Petrozavodsk, 2008. 156 p. (In Russ.) 2. B a l a g u r o v , Ya . A . The workers of the Murmansk Railway between 1915 and early 1917 (The history of permanent workforce formation). The 50th anniversary o f Soviet Karelia. Petrozavodsk, 1970. P. 198-213. (In Russ.) 3. G o l u b e v , A . A . Murmansk Railway History of construction (1894-1917). St. Petersburg, 2011. 205 p. (In Russ.) 4. D u b r o v s k a y a , E . Y u . “Before” and “now”: changes of 1917 through the eyes of the builders of the Murmansk Railway Proceedings o f the Kola Science Centre o f the Russian Academy o f Sciences. Humanitarian Research. 2019;1(7-17):22—39. (In Russ.) 5. D u b r o v s k a y a , E. Yu . Socio-economic space of the Murmansk Railway: builders of the railroad and the population of adjacent territories during the First World War. Proceedings o f the Kola Science Centre o f the Russian Academy o f Sciences. Humanitarian Research. 2020;11( 1-18):24—43. (In Russ.) 6. D u b r o v s k a y a , E . Y u . , K o r a b l e v , N . A . Karelia during the First World War: 1914-1918. St. Petersburg, 2017. 432 p. (In Russ.) 7. Z m e e v a , О. V. Murmansk Railway: organization and transformation of social order. Proceedings o f Petrozavodsk State University. 2019;6( 183):107—113. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2019.379 (In Russ.)