Sandimirov S.S. Catalogue of lakes in the Russian, Finnish and Norwegian Border Area. Finland, Jyvaskyla: Kopijyva Oy, 2008.

According to the concentrations of mineral nutrients, the lake is classified as oligotrophic. The colour values and or­ ganic matter (5.4 mg/l) and Fe concen­ trations (average 89 pg/l) are typical of small water bodies in the region. During flood periods in the summer the concen­ trations o fP 0 43' and N 0 3', which deter­ mine the lake productivity, are low. Although the watershed of Lake Ellentja is relatively remote from the “Pechenganickel” smelter (distance of 53 km), it is subjected to anthropogenic impacts from the smelter emissions. The main pollutants are sulphur compounds and heavy metals (Ni, Cu, со, etc.). De­ spite the fact that emissions from the smelter have been reduced to approxi­ mately one third of the maximum levels during the late 1970s, the deposition of pollutants still has an effect on the water bodies in the region. The average concentrations of Cu and Ni are 1.9 pg/l and 1.7 pg/l, respectively. 2.2.2. Lake bottom sediments Tbe sediments of Lake Ellentja have relatively low organic matter contents (LOI) in the uppermost 1 cm layer of about 20% (Table 25). Emissions from the smelter have little impact on the lake, but levels of chalcophile elements such as Pb and Hg are el­ evated. The uppermost 2-4 cm sediment layers are the most polluted, while maximum concentrations of Hg occur in the 6-7 cm layer (Fig. 40). The contamination factor values for Pb and Hg are 3.8 and 3.4, respectively (Table 25), i.e. the values correspond to considerable contamination. The contamination factor values for other heavy metals are low. The degree of contamination value (13.0) for this lake corresponds to moder­ ate. Lake Layer, cm LOI Cu Ni Zn Co Cd Pb As Hg cd Ellentja 0-1 24.42 41 36 82 9.4 0.17 13.2 2.72 0.174 16-17 18.86 51 32 123 9.5 0.14 3.5 2.80 0.051 c, 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.0 1.2 3.8 1.0 3.4 13.0 Water colour, deg. 16 12-18 NH4, |ag/l 12 6-15 N03, (jg/l 2 1-2 Total N, цд/І 183 176-195 P04, ng/l 1 1-1 Total P, ng/i 4 4-5 Fe, pg/l 89 82-103 Cu, ng/l L9 1 .7-2.0 Ni, цд/І 1 1 0.9-2.4 Al, цд/І 28 22-34 Pb, цд/І 03 0.2-0.5 Table 25. The organic matter con­ tents (LOI, %) and heavy metal concentrations (цд/д, dry weight) in the surface (0-1cm) and pre-industrial (16-17 cm) sediment layers. Cfand Cdrefer to contamina­ tion factor and degree of contamination values, respectively. CatalogueofLakes in the Russian, Finnish and Norwegian BorderArea 77