Разумова И. А. От «эго-документа» к «литературному факту»: об одной книге воспоминаний // История и словесность: журнал филологических и историко-культурных исследований. – 2020. – № 2.

и это сказалось на интерпретации событий, выводах из пережитой истории и спосо бе их представления читателю. Личность и жизненные обстоятельства определили расстановку идейно-нравственных акцентов, полностью соответствующих этосу ин теллигенции. Ключевые слова : эго-документ, дневник, воспоминания, литературный факт, жанр, Великая Отечественная война, оккупация, фронтовое поколение, R А. Кравченко-Бе- режной Irina A. Razumova FROM AN ' E G O - D O C UM E N T ' TO A ' L I T E R A R Y WORK ' : A B O U T ON E B OO K OF MEMO I RS Abst ract The purpose of this research was to find out how and under what circumstances an autobiographical piece of writing can become a work of literature. The text being studied is the book of memoirs by R. A. Kravchenko-Berezhnoy, a scientist and a World War II veteran who lived and worked on the Kola Peninsula. One of the objectives of the article is to suggest that this book represents not just as a historical source but also as a work of literature. At the core of the book lies a retrospectively processed diary. The author wrote it in his youth when he lived in western Ukraine during the occupation of the Nazis. The diary focuses mostly on the genocide of Jews in the city of Kremenets in 1942. The article considers the author's biography and the contents and the structure of the book. The author's use of the 'freeze frame' genre is associated with the structure of the book: the writer needed to combine an autobiographical line with the diary and stories from the subsequent military and post-war life. This genre corresponds to the complex of 'literary cinematography' techniques. The book demonstrates how a certain type of an ego-document can be recast as a different kind of an ego-document and also as a literary text. Its contents can be seen in the context of the forming of the WWII veteran generation. The author differed from most of his peers in that he initially underwent "non-Soviet" socialization. This affected his interpretation of the historical events he witnessed, conclusions he drew from them, and the way they were presented to the reader. The personality and the life circumstances of the author determined the arrangement of the ideological and moral accents that fully correspond to the ethos of the intelligentsia. Keywords', ego-document, diary, memoirs, literary text, genre, World War II, Nazi occupation, WWII veteran generation, R. A. Kravchenko-Berezhnoy DO110.31860/2712-7591-2020-2-156-181 Введение го-документ» — широко используемый и обсуждаемый термин, кото- рый по основному значению заменяет более привычное обозначение «источник личного происхождения» [Schulze; Dekker; Passerini, Geppert]. От «эго-документа» к «литературному факту»: об одной книге воспоминаний 157