Наумлюк, М. В. Региональная литература Кольского Севера XX-XXI века в аспекте идентичности и мультикультурности. Страницы истории и современность / М. В. Наумлюк ; М-во образования и науки Рос. Федерации, Мурм. гос. гуманитар. ун-т. - Мурманск, 2013.

cles. Thus, Pomor folklore reflected basics of their self-identification, under standing of their place in the world. Sami fairytales animated the environment, nature, space powers: the sun, the moon, the northern lights, stones, water. There lived bogatyrs (epic charac ters, heroes of folk Russian and Sami legends, defenders of motherland from its enemies) who were a personification of power and defenders of their people. Fairytales connected everyday reality and fantastic images. One of them said about a reindeer that ran up to the sun at dark night, rubbed against it with its velvet horns, chipped a piece of it and brought it to people. § 2. The North as the universal model of the world and the basement of Russian and Sami national characters An important role in development of the Kola North literature belongs to writers of the XIX - early XX centuries - Maximov, Prishvin, Sluchevsky - who discovered the theme of Russian North in Russian literature and defined key images, models and mythologemes in its depiction. Their approaches coin cided with the interest of the world literature at the turn of XIX-XX centuries in artistic image of the North, in particular that of the High North. Here we do not mean mutual influence of literatures but a birth of a common for all writers’ tra dition to depict the North which assumed similarity of world models, systems of images and symbols, common approaches to depicting of a man living in the North. In this sense it is possible to speculate on the North image identity in lit eratures of different countries. Russian, Norwegian, American writers reconstructed the image of the North as a sublime space in unbreakable unity of natural, spiritual, human and aesthetical origins. Birth of the High North image in the world literature is not accidental. Action in famous dramas by Ibsen and novels by Hamsun takes place in the Northern wilds. The writer who has discovered the poetic image of North in American literature was undoubtedly Jack London who published a collection of stories about Klondike in 1900-1912. Almost at the same time (in 1880-1900) in Russia a famous poet and traveler Konstantin Sluchevsky wrote “Along the North-West of Russia” (Po Severo-Zapadu Rossii) and a cycle of his poems “Murmansk echoes” (Murmaskiye otgoloski). And in 1908 appeared a book of essays by Mikhail Prishvin “Following the magic kolobok” (Za vol- shebnym kolobkom) that was also written under the impression on the travel across the Kola Peninsula. Following the literature fashion, Prishvin collated works by Ibsen and Hamsun with what he had seen in the farthest border be tween Norway and Russian Lapland. Thus, at first, works by Russian writers followed the world trends and the problem of relations of a man, nature and civi lization was to the fore. 81