The birds of Pasvik / E. I. Khlebosolov, O. A. Makarova, O. A. Khlebosolova [et al. ; English transl. Nikita Chernetsov]. - Ryazan : Golosgubernii, 2007. - 175 с. : ил., портр.

I. V Zatsarinny Spotted Flycatchers occur under the crowns o f deciduous and coniferous trees. co-habit is in the species-specific methods of resource exploitation. The birds for­ age by characteristic methods and use specific habitats and microhabitats. 3 .1 .5 . S iberian , W illow , and Great Tits Siberian, Willow, and Great Tits are all sedentary, breed and winter in Pasvik. The pattern of spatial distribution of titmice in the forest ecosystems o f Pasvik is governed by the specific features o f their foraging behaviour and the use o f specific microhabitats. Siberian Tit is one of the most common titmice species. Its breeding density is on average 1.7 pairs* km 2. Siberian Tits occur in pine and mixed pine and birch forests growing in valley galleries (Fig. 3.18). During the breeding period, this species does not occur in pure birch forests and mixed pine and birch stands in the valleys o f rivers and large streams, and in birch woods with ground cover o f red bil­ berry and herbs. During autumn and winter, Siberian Tits occur in coniferous and mixed woods in valley galleries, in the forests in the valleys o f rivers and streams, in pure birch forests and in lumbered areas with young stands. The birds live in pairs or groups including 3 - 4 individuals, less frequently solitary, or in groups o f 5 - 8 individuals. Siberian Tits prefer to forage in pine trees with a narrow elongated crown. Branches o f such trees form clear horizontal layers with a distance of 2 0 - 3 0 cm between the layers. The inner part o f the crown contains no needles, so that the bird