The birds of Pasvik / E. I. Khlebosolov, O. A. Makarova, O. A. Khlebosolova [et al. ; English transl. Nikita Chernetsov]. - Ryazan : Golosgubernii, 2007. - 175 с. : ил., портр.

Table 2.3. Ecological groups o f passerines o f m ountain tu ndra Insectivorous ground- feeding birds o f open habitats Granivorous ground-feeding birds o f open habitats Insectivorous birds of scrub feeding in the bushes feeding on the ground White Wagtail Lapland Longspur Arctic Warbler Bluethroat Motacilla alba Calcarius lapponicus Phylloscopus borealis Luscinia svecica Meadow Pipit Snow Bunting Common Redpoll Anthus pratensis Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus Water Pipi Anthus spinoletta N orthern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe Redwing Turdus iliacus Plectrophenax nivalis Carduelisflammea feeding birds o f open habitats. They may be divided into insectivorous and graniv- orous ones. Along the valleys o f mountain streams and lakes, low willows, alders, and birches grow. They are feeding and breeding habitats o f birds that inhabit the scrub and forage in the bushes or under the bushes on the ground (Tab. 2.3). The most typical Arctic passerines, Lapland Longspurs and Snow Buntings, occur in the tundra. A typical feature o f these habitats is a high specific diversity of pipits. The most typical tundra species is the R ed-throated Pipit. The Meadow Pipit breeds not only in the tundra but in the bogs in the Pasvik valley. The Water Pipit mainly occurs on the Kola Peninsula in the coastal zone o f the Barents Sea (Kokhanov et al. 1970). 2.4.5.4. Passerines of the mountain birch forest M ountain birch forests are a typical natural ecosystem o f the Kola Peninsula and o f Fennoscandia in general. There the vertical vegetation belts are apparent, including foothill birch forests in the valleys, birch forests on the mountain slopes, the crooked birch forest, the mountain tundra and bare rocks. Each belt has a spe­ cific vegetation structure. It governs variation in the specific composition o f birds living in those habitats. Many birds typical o f other local landscapes live in mountain birch forests of the Pasvik valley. Among passerines, the Willow Warbler, Brambling, Redwing, Common Redpoll, Meadow Pipit, B luethroat, N o rthern Wheatear are common there. A species that was not recorded in other habitats is the Ring Ouzel. 109