The birds of Pasvik / E. I. Khlebosolov, O. A. Makarova, O. A. Khlebosolova [et al. ; English transl. Nikita Chernetsov]. - Ryazan : Golosgubernii, 2007. - 175 с. : ил., портр.

N o rthern Wheatears, G reat G rey Shrikes. For them , presence o r absence o f trees is o f low relevance. The structure o f ground vegetation and the p atte rn o f m icro relief are m uch more im portant. Therefore these birds often occu r in coastal scrub, in the bogs, and in the m ountain tundra. The species that forage in th e scrub, e.g. the Willow Warbler or the Common Redpoll, also often o ccu r outside th e forest. 2.4.5 .2. Passerines of coastal scrub and swamps Swamps and coastal scrub occupy large areas in Pasvik. Vegetation structure and other factors that influence species occurrence and the abundance o f passer­ ines, in such habitats are not very diverse. This is the reason for a relatively low spe­ cific diversity o f birds, even though some species reach high num bers there. Passerines th a t use coastal scrub and swamps can be divided in to ground-foraging insectivors and insectivors foraging in scrub (Tab. 2.2). Coastal scrub and swamps are intrazonal habitats. They are inhabited by species that are common in more southern areas. Specific features o f th e ir spatial distribution in such habitats are governed by the p a tte rn o f herbs and m icro relief and by the structure o f bushes th at grow und er different in u n d a tio n cond ition s and form crowns differing by their architectonics. In the swamp habitats these factors are especially im portant for ecological segregation o f wagtails and pipits. In the scrub, differences in the structure o f the crown are most in fluential for the p attern o f ecological relationships and spatial distribution o f th e Willow, A rctic, and Sedge Warblers (Khlebosolov 1995, Khlebosolov et al. 2003). 2.4.5 .3. Passerines of the mountain tundra The m oun tain tundra is a peculiar landscape where several bird species live that are typical only for those habitats. Besides, some forest birds and birds o f coastal scrub and bogs breed there. M ountain tu n d ra landscapes practically lack tall trees and bushes. Therefore, the most num erous group o f birds th ere are g ro u n d - Table 2.2. Ecological groups of passerines of coastal scrub and swamps Ground-foraging insectivors Scrub-foraging insectivors Yellow Wagtail Motacillaflava White Wagtail Motacilla alba Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis Bluethroat Luscinia svecica Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla Sedge Warblers Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniculus Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis Common Redpoll Carduelisflammea 108