The birds of Pasvik / E. I. Khlebosolov, O. A. Makarova, O. A. Khlebosolova [et al. ; English transl. Nikita Chernetsov]. - Ryazan : Golosgubernii, 2007. - 175 с. : ил., портр.

N. V. Polikarpova The Wood Sandpiper is one o f the most common waders breeding in different kinds o f wetlands. Sandpipers ( Tringa) are typical inhabitants o f Pasvik swamps. Several closely related species co-habit here: the Wood Sandpiper, Common G reenshank, Spotted Redshank. Sandpipers usually find and catch their prey in water. Different species are distributed along the gradient o f wetland habitats, with wettest habitats being preferred by the Spotted Redshank, medium wet areas by the Common G reenshank and the driest, by the Wood Sandpiper. Spotted Redshanks occur in central wettest parts o f swamps and forage in shallow waters o f small lakes or large hollows. Common Greenshanks prefer medium wet parts o f swamps. Their breeding te rrito ­ ries are situated in small “bays” where no open water is available and grassy vegeta­ tion is well developed. The breeding ranges o f Wood Sandpipers usually are located along the swamp edges in relatively dry coastal areas. Foraging at different depth governs the spatial distribution o f sandpipers. In small relatively dry bogs only the most “terrestrial” Wood Sandpiper occurs. Medium large swamps harbour Wood Sandpipers and Comm on Greenshanks. Only in large swamps where the whole array of habitats is available, all the three species co-occur. Habitat selection also influences the long-term dynam ics and spatial dis­ tribution o f these waders in the same swamps. Specific compositions and relative numbers may considerably vary in relation to annual variation in inundation. In dry years, less water is available in the bogs. In such years, the numbers o f Wood Sandpipers increase, and those o f Common G reenshanks and Spotted Redshanks drop. In wet years, on the contrary, more aquatic Comm on Greenshanks and Spotted Redshanks occur more frequently (Annals o f Nature... 2003a). 99