Макарова, О. А. Фенологический атлас растений / Н. В. Поликарпова, О. А. Макарова ; М-во природ. ресурсов и экологии Рос. Федерации, Федер. гос. бюджет. учреждение «Гос. природ. заповедник «Пасвик» ; [худож.: Хохлов В. А. ; пер.: Кислова О. С.]. - Рязань : Голос губернии, 2016.

220 A phenological atlas of plants in the preceding spring and summer, but also quite significantly by age, type of soil, distance to groundwater, and location. Beginning o f leaf yellowing or autumn coloration is recorded on the day when there appear leaves or entire branches (strands) fully colored in late season hues. Remark that leaves with colored margins or compound leaves with individual colored leaflets in a crown are just a signal that the yellowing phase is near. Another potential false indicator is leaf yellowing in summer, caused by drought, pests or disease, suppression or shoot damage. Summer coloration w ill not have the bright and pure autumn hues; leaves would most often turn brownish and curl up. In contrast, leaves in autumn change color but remain flat. Terentjeva E. Yu. (2008): Senescence (coloration)phase - leaves grad ually turn to late season color. Sinel'nikova N. V. and Pakhomov M. N. (2015): The onset of autumn leaf coloration is recorded when the first individual leaves colored in late season hues appear in the crown. Coloration in conifers w ill affect the needles that are to die in the current year, in cowberry - the leaves older than 2 years. In many winter annual species, old leaves and needles fall without change of color. Ф'•Г * ы Leafyellowing in rowan usually