Макарова, О. А. Фенологический атлас растений / Н. В. Поликарпова, О. А. Макарова ; М-во природ. ресурсов и экологии Рос. Федерации, Федер. гос. бюджет. учреждение «Гос. природ. заповедник «Пасвик» ; [худож.: Хохлов В. А. ; пер.: Кислова О. С.]. - Рязань : Голос губернии, 2016.

Nature's calendars 191 NATURE’S CALENDARS Nature undergoes multiple transformations over a year. Study of this process is crucial and always attracting much interest. Its major com ponents are meteorological events (snow falling and melting, air, soil and water temperature, freeze-over, etc.), seasonal changes in the life of plants and animals (sap flow, leaf unfolding, flowering, leaf fall, moult in animals, etc.) and seasonal events in human activities (grain sowing, flowering and ripening of fruit and berry crops, harvest, etc.). Tracking these processes through a year is the essence of phenological monitoring. Appendix 2 provides an example of a nature’s calendar, which includes non-living nature parameters (meteorological observations) and some indices of seasonal human economic activities. Below we list their key characteristics to help with determination of seasonal events, in addition to the list of vascular plant species above. 1. Hydro-meteorological events First thawed patches appear. The date to record is when thawed patch es appear on flat terrain (not on slopes). Degradation of continuous snow cover. The day when more than a half of the surveyed territory is free of snow. Pre-winter time