Airborne contamination by heavy metals and aluminum in the freshwater ecosystems of the Kola subarctic region (Russia) / Moiseenko T. I., Kudryavtseva L. P., Rodyushkin I. V. [et al.] // The Science of the Total Environment. - 1995. - Т. 160/161. - С. 715-727.

T.l. Moiseenko et al. / Sci. Total Environ. 1 60 /161 (1995) 715-727 725 Table 3 Metals accumulation in the body parts of freshwater fish ( jug/g dry wt.) Element Body part Subregion 1 Subregion 2 Subregion 3 Subregion 4 Ni Kidneys 33 25 3.5 2.0 Liver 4.8 2.0 1.5 1.0 Gills 12 10 2.5 3 Skeleton 6.8 5 3.5 3.2 Cu Kidneys 73 50 16 6 Liver 33 35 50 46 Gills 56 36 3.3 3.5 Skeleton 40 20 2.0 3.0 Zn Kidneys 406 220 190 120 Liver 136 190 206 180 Gills 550 600 280 290 Skeleton 223 171 130 120 Al Kidneys 42 120 25 10 Liver 51 100 15 20 Gills 5 35 18 3.5 Skeleton 28 75 20 15 Sr Kidneys 6 190 2 1 Liver 0.3 5.4 0.5 0.2 Gills 40 147 22 66 Skeleton 216 830 183 102 Mn Kidneys 20 35 14 4 Liver 9.7 12 6.5 4.6 Gills 74 82 44 28 Skeleton 98 153 31 70 Co Kidneys 30 35 2.7 1.6 Liver 1.8 9 1.5 1.1 Gills 18 2 2.9 3.5 Skeleton 42 3.5 2.6 3.3 region between Russia and Norway, where Ni concentration is < 5 ftg / l (Langeland, 1993). Copper is accumulated in fish liver in major concentrations, then in kidneys, gills, skeletons, and other tissues (Table 3). But the relationship with fish pathology was not as clear as that for Ni. A reliable reverse correlation between Cu con­ tent in liver and haemoglobin concentration in blood offers evidence about the development of anaemia. Available data indicate that Cu ex­ ceedance in the environment inhibits the process of blood development in animals (Kovalsky, 1974). Bearing in mind that pollution by Cu occurs in a complex with other elements, the critical level appears to be 8 /xg/1 for water with good buffer­ ing capacity (ANC > 200 /tequiv./l). In the Kola North, there are geochemical provinces with high Sr content in rocks (the Chib- ini and Lovozero mountain massifs). Strontium is accumulated in all fish organ systems, with the maximum in bone tissues (Table 3). It has been established that, depending on the Sr content in fish organs, different pathologies are observed in bone tissues: curvature, calcium exchange viola­ tion, and lack o f ossification (Moiseenko and Ku- dravtseva, 1990). Aluminum logically is accumulated in the kid­ neys, skeleton, and gills of fish (Table 3). There is a highly reliable relationship between Al concen­ tration in fish organs and Al concentration in water (r = 0.80; n = 122, P = 0.000). The other elements in water bodies of the Kola North have no significant meaning in the accumu­ lative processes in water ecosystems and fish or­ gans. The tendency for Cd, Pb, Se and Hg to accumulate in bone tissues of fish has been de­ termined, but further investigation by more sensi­ tive methods is required.