Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

to isolate the principal in the flow of secondary information and will be sufficient for giving an objective picture of the processes of interest The actual volume of output is defined, planned and taken stock of by means of natural indicators. Price indexes make it possible to calculate the volumes of production in the whole. Such indexes as the output, gross production and the realization characterize work during a certain period with due account of completely finished cycles or incomplete production cycles, the stages in production and realization. The indexes of the use of the production assets, the material and monetary resources make it possible to characterize the efficiency of the economic activity. In order to estimate the efficiency, such indicators as labor-consumption, energy-consumption, cost, efficiency of resources, profit, etc., are used in different aspects of analysis of the economic activity. Let us consider some of them. Productivity, cost and efficiency of resources. The means of production of the fish industrial complex form actual expenses only as a measure of their actual use, i.e., as a measure of the amortization of labor tools and the expenditure of the objects of labor. When the cost accounting expenses of production of the fish industry are being formed, the major part of the cost of ships, constructions, machines, mechanisms, equipment used in the process of production in total, but consumed in parts, are not taken into account Moreover, the industry possesses means of production that are not used, namely, mounted but not functioning coast equipment, ready but not launched ships, stores of goods and material values. Karl Marx characterized this economic phenomenon as follows: “The part of the hidden productive capital which lies in readiness only as a condition for the production process ... does not act either as a factor of the formation of a product or as a factor of cost formation. It is a capital lying idle”.* The part of the means of production as well as labor and natural resources, which do not take part either in the output of fish-stuffs or in the formation of expenditures, include not only the means that are inoperative but also those which are seldom used. We have spoken of the resources ready to work but idling, because they are not included in the production process, and now we shall point out another part which is in exploitation, but either is not used to its full capacity or is used only occasionally. The insufficient use of production assets of the fish industrial complex concerning both their capacity and the time of use remains one of the main reasons far a short receipt of the profit, irrespective of whether the causes generating this are objective or subjective."... even if we neglect a comparatively essential damage to the capital assets during their idling, ... these intermissions ... are, in general, incompatible with the practical work of the contemporary large industry. The continuity is in itself the production force of labor”.** Our long experience in practical work of the fish industrial complex of Russia shows that intermissions in operation often exceed their reasonable limits and the insufficient use of the capacity * Marx, K„ Engels, F. Collected Works, 2nd ed., V. 24, p. 139 (in Russian). ** Marx, K., Engels, F. Collected Works, 2nd ed., V. 24, p. 140 (in Russian). 8 3