Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

A very important measure of improving the organization of production is a more efficient use of the equipment available at the enterprises of the fish industry, since the extensive utilization factor is very low. The rise of the utilization factor will be provided by measures ensuring the rise of the shift availability factor. It should be pointed out that at many fish enterprises the shift availability factor is rather low and varies within a year because of the seasonal character of the work. A rise in the shift availability factor under the condition of manpower shortage provides for the balanced development of working places and labor resources. The problem of efficiency of production is closely connected with the process of activization of the “human factor at a working place” as one of the most important components of the intensive character of the economy and, first of all, labor-saving trend. In this connection, it is necessary to consider such a significant factor in the perfection of labor organization as the certification of working places. The necessity of paying special attention to this trend in the scientific organization of labor is closely connected with the problem of manpower shortage and the necessity of solving the social problem of perfection of labor conditions. The creation of new working places without technological re-equipment of old ones often led to overstating the need of additional cadres and to the development of qualitative disbalance between the available working places and the manpower, and the growing requirements imposed on the content and conditions of labor. Of considerable importance is the working out of long-term rates of allocation of wages for a rouble of production, which must stimulate an enterprise for fulfilling the production program with a smaller number of personnel. However, the corresponding instructions do not contain any strict rules of calculation of these rates and, therefore, a possibility arises of an arbitrary interpretation of the importance of every factor which must be taken into account for its logical determination. The administrators have easily taken their cue from the prevailing situation and have realized that under the conditions when it is difficult to eliminate the causes for retaining excessive labor power at an enterprise they should do their best to maximize the rates of allocation and retain the personnel and preserve the planned production target rather than to minimize the number of workers and employees for the assigned progressive rate of allocation of wages for a rouble of production. It is possible to improve upon the situation by developing the normative method of defining the wages fund in the process of planning, taking into account the relation between the average wage of a worker and his/her labor productivity. Thus, besides the reserves of labor-saving trend of intensification, connected with the technological and organizational level of fish-processing industry, there are also large reserves connected with the human factor. The losses of the working time can considerably be decreased by lowering the level of industrial traumatism and sick rates. Large reserves of work force are also connected with fluctuations of labor power. The majority of scientists occupied with this problem consider the following to be direct economic consequences of labor fluctuation: the intermissions in the work of those who are dismissed, the fall in labor productivity before the dismissal and after the arrival at a new enterprise, expenses connected with change in profession. The interval between a dismissal and the start 7 1