Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

become subjects of maintaining market relations, and this will be a considerable psychological change in the field of production. The selection of managers and presidents of such enterprises is a difficult problem. The election of administrators did not come up to its expectations since this was mingled with constant fear of re- election. A better choice is to work on a contract basis between competiting candidates. The selection of a new generation of managers has only begun and its proper organization, i.e., the choice and recruitment of personnel by deeds and not by the biographical particulars, is one of the most important problems facing the state management of the economy today. A necessity has already arisen of the methodological help in training the cadres of businessmen, including the future directors of large enterprises. The problem is of the influence the state must exert on its economic needs on an all-round analysis for a successive solution, and all countries with market systems admit of such an influence. They proceeded from an uncontrolled market and came to this system of civilized market relations mainly because of the impossibility arising in solving various problems of the development of the economy exclusively by market methods. As to our country, we are coming to market relations from the self-sufficing influence of the planned management, which regulated all the aspects of the economic activity and deprived some sections of the population of the opportunity of showing their worth. When forming market relations, we must skillfully use changed and limited possibilities of the methods of direct influence on the economy, supplement them with indirect methods and create a symbiosis which would ensure the highest efficiency of production processes. The share (block of shares) of the property of various enterprises owned by the state serves as the grounds for the direct influence of the state on the economy. The share may be different, from 100% in completely state- owned enterprises of the federal or local subordination onto a definite share in combined enterprises. It is expedient to have a certain share of private property in all enterprises for the administration to be constantly subject to the pressure of the shareholders, their own employees inclusive. This will become an urgent necessity when the direct departmental subordination is liquidated and we pass to market relations. At the same time, the state is interested in the efficient work of enterprises since it collects taxes and will, therefore, control their activity and influence them in an indirect way. This influence may consist in qualified recommendations as concerns the perfection of the technology, changing the assortment of production, the organization of labor processes that will serve as an incentive for an evolutionary development As a rule, these consultations must be paid for. All countries with market economy practise planned stimulation of economic activity in separate branches and industries. This is quite normal under the conditions of wide international relations and free trade, since there are considerable distinctions between different countries regarding availability of natural resources and the level of labor productivity. Many countries, which have less favorable conditions, cannot, in a number of cases, liquidate their own production capability of some kinds of goods and completely satisfy the requirements of the population only at the expense of imports. This may be connected with employment or with the use of the available industrial potential. 5 5