Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

production, and the lowering of expenses. The necessity of dynamic movement is also dictated by the lowering of the investment activity, a decrease in the demand for modern technology and research. A different economic and psychological situation is needed in order to make the productive forces more dynamic. But this will be complicated by opposite tendencies which act in the transition period and constitute two aspects of the same problem. Thus, when at the beginning of 1991, the wholesale prices were raised 1.9 times, they were still 1.6 times lower than the world prices because of the commercial exchange rate of the rouble. Consequently, to extend the ties with the world economy without loss, we have to raise prices again. In this situation, it is difficult to demand the efficiency of labor, to prove the necessity of observing the discipline of prices since it is now easier to get profit at the expense of the price hikes; the more so, as there are no restraining factors like any healthy competition. The same is true of the payment; the absolute size of wages is not large enough in order to ensure deserved living standards. A reasonable system of taxes is an important factor of economic pressing. It should gradually create a respective attitude to the state economic institutions. The inconsistent taxation policy entailed a lowering of the financial discipline, which caused additional difficulties connected with the profit side of the budget. The assertion to the public mind that the taxes play a significant role in realizing the federal and local programs of social and economic development, that it is the duty of every person to pay his share in the public funds, and that the operation of tax collectors must be accurate and precise — all this will drastically change the financial discipline and its state prevailing in the country. To organize the market, we must fully use the threat of bankruptcy of enterprises with all the employees losing their working places and with a loss of prestige by all the administrators so that no respectful firm will employ them. The experience of Poland shows that bankruptcy is an inevitable consequence of the formation of market relations. Already over the first years, 80 out of 2S0 thousand newly formed firms, i.e., every third firm, suffered bankruptcy. There are cases of bankruptcy in our country as well. The strengthening of the financial discipline and raising the role of banks in revealing the insolvent clients will simplify the procedure of bankruptcy and introduce the automation in this process. It should be pointed out that under market conditions bankruptcies become, in a certain sense, a motive force in the production. When an enterprise is declared bankrupt, its property loses value and is sold cheap, the new owner can invest small means and modernize the production process, and in this way considerably raise the competitive power of his production. One of the principal problems in the formation of the market is the motivation of labor. It is impossible without it to put into operation the labor force, which is the main productive force of the society. There are also false ideas of the ways of formation of market motivation of labor which tend to reduce, first of all, raising the wages of separate categories of workers. Sometimes, examples are given of an efficient work performed by cooperatives, joint enterprises, where the results are good and the wages are high. But, in such a situation, the ratio of the public and the private enterprises is eventually ignored. Separate enterprises can raise wages 2-3 times as compared with the average level, and this will not be detrimental to the economy. However, if a considerable section of enterprises 5 2