Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

not yet estimated the social and economic losses which the sectoral systems of management that regulate and control the activities of enterprises and their initiative, are bringing about and can bring about in future. As the reforms in production go on, the part played by ministries and departments in the formation of crisis situation becomes more evident Forcing their way to the operative control of production, depriving enterprises of the right to make strategic decisions, they provided for the creation of an “analytically paralytic” system when even right decisions made by the Center hung poised in mid air. The organizational environment in production was formed in which the complexity of problems exceeded a certain level. The natural human possibilities of clerks of the Ministry, and of personal possibilities, in particular, were exhausted as concerns their ability to cope with the economic situation as a whole. In this case, the Center cannot understand and make timely estimation of everything around it. However, it keeps on imitating energetic activity, since formally it has to “answer” for the fulfillment of the plan, and does not know other methods of active management than personal interference into the operational activity of enterprises. At the same time, the functions of a strategic management by the ministry are poorly fulfilled, or are not fulfilled at all. Then the “upper” authorities refer to the economic independence given to the enterprises and leave them face-to-face with social, economic and technological problems that cannot be solved at their level. Under the conditions of rapid increase in the dynamics and the variation of the environment, in which the enterprises have to function, the stability, resourcefulness and efficiency of the management system are in many respects determined by the development of relations along the horizontal, i.e., direct interrelations at the level of enterprises. However, not all administrators have realized yet that as the economic mechanism is reorganized, the outer and the inner environment of the activity of the main link becomes mare and more complicated. The dynamically changing situation, the new aspects of the system being formed, the poor predictability of the inner and the outer environment, the necessity of quick reaction, and the adaptation to changing economic conditions generate new commitments for this sector. Recommendations as to the choice of a system of management at the level of enterprises and associations in the fish industry require, first of all, an exact account of the variability of organizational and economic conditions under which their activities will go on. In Western countries, the consideration of the variability of conditions of functioning of a firm, their instability, lie at the basis of the choice of a system of management This is a fundamental problem. At the same time, the level of variability of the environment in which different enterprises are functioning is not the same. It depends on the form of their activity. For instance, the level of variability of economic conditions for the “Murmansk Shipyard” and the industrial complex producing containers is lower than that of the Murmansk trawling fleet This influences both the specificity of choice of the system of management of these enterprises and the 3 9