Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

physical labor of medium and high degrees of complexity (two-thirds of the population), and almost a quarter of the workers will be occupied by mental labor of high and highest degrees of complexity. The effect produced by the scientific and technical progress on the content of labor is not so simple, and we must take into account its various social consequences. For instance, an extension of the net of continuous production lines entails an increase in the number of workers in the fish industry performing monotonous noncreative work. People are included in the production process as its technological elements, and this drastically restricts the field of their creative activity. The existing division of labor hinders the development of a worker as a creative personality. But as not only the driving and executing functions but also the general control of the production process are passed from a workmen to a technological system, the man will become "technologically" free. This liberation is not a single-time occasion, since it is necessary to raise the material production to a qualitatively new stage which differs by the essential change in the technological process of production of the material conditions of life. What is more, the initial forms of automation, such as the introduction of semiautomatic machines, automatic machine tools, systems of nonautomated remote control, are not necessarily followed by a decrease in the share of manual routine operations. Moreover, it is not unusual that complex automation generates many problems such as a high degree of employment in the sphere of auxiliary noncreative operations. These examples show that the problems of elimination of old labor subdivision and raising the share of creative labor activity of man are not identical and that complex mechanization and automation of production processes alone will not increase the volume of creative labor. The intensification of production and the related rapid development of production forces, the appearance of new technologies bom in the process of the scientific and technical revolutions entail an increase in the kinds of working processes connected with the fulfillment of the control and logical functions, with taking decisive responsibilities. The relationship between man and technology becomes even closer. By now a new trend in the automatization, robotic, has gained ground. However, the levels and forms of automatization are different in different branches of industry, and, consequently, its effect on a workman differs. Therefore, the general approach to the definition of social consequences of the scientific and technical progress in different branches of industry must be supplemented by special analysis. To analyze the effect produced by a new technology on man, it is necessary to know in detail the economic, social and psychologic relations that form in a definite sphere of production. The sociological investigations in this field must pose such problems as the determination of the dynamics of the qualified structure of workmen, the revelation of the subjective need in raising the qualification, the determination of the attitude of workmen and specialists to the introduction of the robotics and to the changes in the working conditions, the study of the systems of incentives under the conditions of intensive technology and its estimation by workmen, the determination of the level of the working and social activity under the conditions of acceleration of technical reequipment of enterprises. 3 3