Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

1.5 times as much protein as the unskimmed milk. It can replace 50% and 100% of dairy products needed by calves and pigs, respectively. Of considerable interest to different branches of national economy is such a product obtained from sea raw materials as agar used in food industry as jelly-forming, emulsifying and stabilizing component in the production of confectionery, sauces, creams, mayonnaises, jellies, etc.; sodium alginate used in textile industry and for the manufacture of ammonia pastes for hermetic sealing in canning; in wood-pulp and paper industry for working the surfaces of paper and wood-particle details; in steel industry for the manufacture of moulding sand; in the electric welding technology for the manufacture of coatings; in mining industry for sand flotation; also of use is fish glue obtained from the sturgeon swimming bladder and technical glue obtained from collagen-containing raw materials (heads, fins, skin); shampoo for head washing produced from the fat of the sewage of fish-processing processes; technical cod-liver oil used in leather and footwear industry; liquid fish-glue of special condition used in electronic industry. Of special interest is the use of chitin and chitosane as sorbents for the extraction and concentration of heavy metals (nickel, copper, zinc, chrome, titanium, strontium, etc.), for the separation of radioisotopes from the sewage of the enterprises of the atomic industry, for sewage clearing of organic and oil impurities. As compared to other products containing animal proteins, the production of fish stuffs is very economical. Thus, the expenditures per ton of fish production (according to the 1985-90 data) are five times as low as those per ton of beef, four times as low as per ton of mutton, a third of those per ton of pork, eight times as low as those per ton of butter, and a quarter of those per ton of animal fat. In these years, the capital investments to the production of one ton of meat were almost four times as large as those for the output of one ton of fish products (if we ignore the conjugate expenditures). In agriculture the layout productivity of workers directly occupied in producing beef was 5.5 tons per capita, that of pork 9.3 tons per capita, that of mutton 5.3 tons per capita, and that of eggs 10 thousand eggs per capita. In fish industry, the layout productivity of one worker occupied direcdy in fishing is 50 tons of fish and nonfish objects per capita. A fisher with a crew of 60-70 men catches about 8-10 thousand tons of fish a year, which corresponds to the result of the work of an average fishing collective. In addition, the fish industry enterprises need relatively little time for the plant development. Thus, the plant of a new or a repaired ship is developed during 5-7 days. The cost and the level of wholesale and retail prices of fish products today are half those of the beef and pork goods, one and a half times as low as those for poultry meat. Even if we revalue the main assets of the fish industry proceeding from the world prices and the cost of the corresponding products in hard currency according to the acting commercial rate of exchange, the cost and the prices of fish products will not exceed the similar figures for meat products. Thus, the fishing industry plays an important role in the economy of the country and in the life of people. 2 8