Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

is 97% today), to insufficient freezing capacities, refrigeration, storing, and transportation by refrigerating ships, to the low rates of reconstruction of the coastal-water enterprises. Almost all the requirements of the industry for the cooperage production and in cans are satisfied by home production capacities. However, the machines operating today in cooperages date back to forties and fifties of this century, part of them have been taken out of production long ago and modern equipment is not produced by our industries. The supply of cooperages by timber is also a problem. With great difficulty and large expenditures, we managed to organize the manufacture of food preserving cans at almost all fishing basins. However, its efficiency depends completely on the spare parts import Our industry successfully solves the problem of providing the fisheries with necessary fishing gears and tackles. The provision of net-and-tackle enterprises with foreign equipment allowed our fishermen to work at the present-day level. However, in the last years, the government stopped the allocation of currency for the development of the net-and-tackle industry, and the modernization of the technological equipment slowed down. By now, more than 60% of the basic technological equipment of the twisting and net-making productions have suffered considerable physical and moral wear and needs renovation at the expense of the imported equipment since our home engineering industry does not produce the same. If the net-and-tackle production is not renovated during the succeeding four to five years, it will completely stop. In the last years, the development of the engineering industry has been considerably hampered due to a systematic neglect shown by the concerned ministries and departments. The technological equipment for fishing and processing industries is always deficient. The main trend of our machine- building is in the production of machines and production lines for preparing the raw materials, for salting, smoking, heat treatment, packing, and many other connected operations numbering more than 400. The machine-building industry also supplies spare parts for marine Diesel engines (about 800 kinds of spare parts for 18 types of Diesel engines, including 10 types of engines of foreign make). Its output includes machine-tool attachments for ship repairing and shipbuilding industries, equipment of fisheries, nets and tackles, and a wide assortment of consumer goods. Our machine building industry is yet unable to solve all the problems arising in the fish industry. At present, machine-building industries produce, in the main, experimental specimens and small lots of equipment, which only partly satisfy the needs of the fish industry. About 65% of all machine-tools have morally aged, suffered long physical wear, and must be written off. This equipment only allows for the processing with a second-class accuracy and cannot be used for manufacturing spare parts of high quality, especially for high-voltage marine Diesel engines. For decades, only drilling, tool-grinding and honing tools were allocated to the fish industry (special machine-tools were supplied in very small lots). All this leads to a further aging of the machine-tool fleet, lowers its output and the quality of goods produced. Forty institutions cany out scientific and design work for the fish industry. The efficiency of work is hampered by a high dependence of research workers on bureaucratic structures, by a slow 1 8