Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

or less constitutes slightly more than 11 percent, whereas the equipment whose service life exceeded 20 years constitutes 40 percent. A peculiar feature of our ship repairs is a considerably low level of mechanization of repair processes (42 percent in 1990). The deficit of spare parts for ship repairs has exceeded SOpercent All this leads to an essential drop in indices showing the efficiency of operation of the ship fleet and the fish industry as a whole. The development of fish-processing, container, fishing tackle, and machine-building industries is far from what is needed. The coastal waters fish-processing industry is also in a difficult position. The majority of fish- processing factories were built as long ago as the thirties or forties of this century. In a number of cases, they are in maladjusted premises, the area of which is not sufficient for the normal arrangement of technological processes, or have to rent premises and areas of other owners. The technological equipment of many fish-processing enterprises is in poor state. The wear of the active part of basic production assets of the coastal waters fish-processing factories is within the limits of 57-70%, the service life of about 60% of the main technological equipment exceeds five years. More than 50% of the main technological operations of fish production are manual. Because of the absence of high-quality alloyed metal and polymeric structural materials, most of the machines are manufactured from noncorrosion resistant materials with low reliability in exploitation. The electric motors and the reduction gears made in our country do not withstand the operating and environmental conditions. Our plants produce technological equipment in insufficient quantities, and more often than not its specifications do not meet the present-day requirements. Because of the absence of spare parts and materials, the technological equipment imported earlier, or obtained according to the CMEA agreements, has become unserviceable since the fish industry does not receive a hard currency allocation from the government any more. The research and the design carried out recently have ensured a relatively high level of technological processes of fish processing in the industry as a whole. The technical level of the equipment worked out recently by fish industry organizations corresponds, in the main, to the level of foreign analogs and answers high demands. This, in turn, has made it possible for the fish industry to constantly increase the output of food products and canned goods, to extend their range and to improve their quality. The fish industry of Russia now produces about 4000 kinds of fish products, 1600 sorts of canned fish, 14 kinds of sea-fish products, and 33 kinds of technical and fodder products. However, the output of fish products is still far from being enough to fulfill the requirements of people of Russia. The specific weight of frozen semifinished fish foodstuffs remains very high (about 60%); they are produced in 11-12 kg blocks, which are inconvenient either for the trade or to the consumers. The volume of fillet of frozen fish in small packings is very small. The rate of development of culinary production and the output of sea foods is very low. All this is due to a low level of technological processes in a number of fish-processing industries, to the shortage of modern technological equipment, especially the equipment for fish dressing and packing (the share of manual labor in packing fish food 1 7 ЯВДишг Шшта g •; C&jpHttC ••(4В6МВЯ I