Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

In 1947 our fish-boats appeared in the Greenland and in the Norwegian sea for the first time. In 1948 the first herring fishing expedition, consisting of fish-boats and depot ships Tungus and Onega, started from Murmansk and Kaliningrad to the Northern Atlantic. This was the beginning of the development of a scientific expedition in fishing in the open waters of the World Ocean. The development of the research fishing was the motive force behind the progress in ship-building and the technique of industrial fishing. Administrations governing ocean fishing were established in Kerch, Novorosiisk, Poti, the Administration of the floating whale factories in the Antarctic was reinforced. The building of a large fishery complex with its own Administration began in the Far East in the port of Nakhodka in 1954. The fisheries in the Sakhalin island were practically created anew. In 1960-61 the Administration of ocean fishing was organized in Sevastopol, the building of a fishing port was begun in the bay of Kamyshovaya. In 1964, the Administration received fish-boats specially built for work in the tropics, ships of the type of Tropic. The years of 1976-77 were hard for the fish industry of the country. The introduction of 200- mile fishing zones almost everywhere practically closed the fishing grounds, where the catch was equal to 64 percent of the fish caught by our boats. The most productive fishing grounds with a large variety of fish being caught turned to be in these zones. The years of 1989-90 were marked by the beginning of the reconstruction of industry, the fish industry inclusive, to suit the market relations. This caused a lot of difficulties in the relationships between the central administrations and the local enterprises as well as between the fishing enterprises and the organizations of other branches of industry. The formation of independent states on the basis of former republics of the USSR affected the fish industry especially painfully. Practically, one-third of the fishing fleet became the property of the Baltic countries, Ukraine, and Georgia, and the main trouble is that the whole scheme of management of the fishing economy disintegrated. The elimination of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) especially affected the work of the fish industry. It did not do much harm to the international relations of the Russian fish industry but affected the state of our fleet. Poland built depot ships, fish-boats, and fish-processing ships for the USSR; the GDR built powerful transporting vessels and trawlers; Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria supplied spare parts for drivers, and Yugoslavia repaired ships. At present all our former partners ask for hard currency, which the fish industry administration does not possess. Today, the Russian fish industry directs its main attention to the oceanic fishery (in the total catch it now constitutes about 90 percent), and this makes the fishing fleet a determining factor in the formation of the scientific and technological, economic and social policy in this branch of industry. On January 1,1992, the state enterprises and collective fisheries of Russia possessed 1966 fish boats, 140 fish-processing ships, and 208 transporting ships with 300 hp capacity. All in all, including small-size boats, the fish industry possesses 6684 fishing and 8820 auxiliary ships. More than 60 percent of the value of the basic production assets fall to the share of the fishing fleet, which 1 5