Korelsky, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fish industry in Russia / V. F. Korelsky. - Bremen : Krebs, [1993?]-.

A dual position of the population with respect to the market of end products, when the population is a consumer and a supplier of goods to the market at the same time, creates conditions for speculation not subject to taxation. Commerce is a part of business in the sphere of circulation in the market sphere, and the speculation is the purchase of goods at prices fixed by the state and their realization on the market at prevailing market prices. Thus, any activity aimed at receiving profit must be carried out in accordance with the laws defining business activities. This situation cannot be corrected at once, but we must gradually move in this direction. The most essential factor that can help correct the present situation is the transition to market prices for goods and services. This will make it possible to exclude the speculation and to give birth to commcrce as an inalienable element of business (with the corresponding trade taxation) and bring this business out of the sector of the population. Governments not only occupy the central position in the economic system but also define the conditions of life and the activity of other sectors of economy such as enterprises and the population. On the basis of the centralized budget financing, the governments predetermine the development of production in separate branches and regions, and the corresponding development of enterprises and migration of the population (introducing various privileges, extra payments, etc.). The contradictions that arose in connection with the federal budget reflect the counteractions of administrative structures which do not want to lose the main factor of influence on the whole economic system. The system of budget distribution among administrative structures of different levels has not yet been worked out, the duties and responsibilities of administrative structures have not been defined, which must ensure the interests of the population and the functioning of enterprises. The absence of markets that would ensure the dynamics of the economic system as a single whole inevitably leads to separatism. It can only be obviated by means of a forced creation of single markets, by a return to full-scale commodity-and-money relations throughout the whole Commonwealth. Considerable means concentrated now in the hands of the governments and distributed according to the former scheme make certain the reproduction of the economic system in the former structure, fix the established relations, stabilize the administrative system, which does not allow us to get a real estimate of the level of efficiency of enterprises, their associations and branches on the basis of market relations. The nonefficient structural elements continue their comfortable existence, whereas the efficient ones do not get necessary means for their development Being the owners of the means of production, the governments do not have to balance their policy as concerns the population and the enterprises, and, therefore, the governments are, to a large extent, independent of these two categories. The taxation laws passed at present substantiate this proposition. Lately, due to the development of democracy and publicity, the population has got the means of influencing, via their deputies, the economic policy; but there is no one to represent and defend the interests of enterprises (except for a small number of deputies). This situation will prevail until the problem of privatization of property is solved that will give the possibility to dispose of the means of production and the output at one's discretion. 1 3 5