Касиян А. С. Лапландский вопрос в российско-норвежских отношениях: разграничение 1826 г. и его последствия в начале ХХ века // Международные отношения на Севере Европы и Баренцев регион: история и историография : сборник научных статей / отв. ред. Ю. П. Бардилева. - Мурманск, 2008.

the Russian-Finnish-Norwegian border in Lapland appeared. Numerous complaints of Russian Lapps to the Norwegians caused the Delimitation of 1826. Russian and Swedish-Norwegian commissars: V.Je. Galyamin and Veykart; H. Spork and Fr.W. Mejlaender officially charted a new border together with native inhabitants but without well-informed Archangelsk officials in summer of 1825. The border passed along two rivers: Paz (Pasvik) and Voryema (Jakobs-elv). As a result Russia obtained 3/5 of the “Common District”, but Norway got richer fishing and hunting territory. The results of the Delimitation were ratified by Petersburg Convention of 2/14 May 1826, which caused immediate suspicions of Archangelsk authorities and discontent of the Lapps, who practically lost their traditional salmon-fishing territories in the southern part of the Varanger-fjord, in spite of the additional protocol o f 1834. During the border revising Tsar envoys ignored obvious “errors” of the border-line of 1826 and declared its status as “totally satisfactory”. The appearance of the independent Norwegian state (1905) generated a necessity to revise all o f the agreements, concluded between Russia and the Swedish-Norwegian Kingdom before and emphasized the “Lapp question”. Sweden and Great Britain tried to use the consequences o f the “unfair” Delimitation of 1826 for reviving of the “Russian threat” among Norwegians and keeping the Swedish-Norwegian union. Ambitions for the Arctic of a young Norwegian nation allowed Russia restore justice on the border by means of painless concession of the Arctic Archipelago Spitsbergen (its international status was terra nullius) to Norway, but the Tsar government didn’t use that chance. Thereby, question about Russian-Norwegian border in the North gained a new urgency at the beginning of the 20thcentury. Russia faced fatal consequences of the historically unjust and economically unbeneficial Delimitation of 1826. The Delimitation and revising of the border during the 19th century revealed disagreement between local and central authorities. The strategic importance of the Russian North became completely understandable for the Tsar politicians and diplomats only on eve of the World War I when they were ready to give Norway the disputable Arctic territory for the sake of returning the lost Russian territory in Lapland. 149