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C H A P T E R 11. T O U R ISM Development o f domestic and inbound tourism is in the focus o f attention in Murmansk Region, Arkhangelsk Region and Nenets Autonomous District. Sport, ecological, ethnocultural, cruise and business tourism as well as recreational fishing are actively growing sectors o f economy. The number o f tourist facilities and tour operators is also increasing. Tourism development programmes aimed at preserving and promotion o f cultural, historical, spiritual and natural heritage are being implemented in the Russian programme area1. The clustering approach is applied for tourism development, which allows combining the efforts of authorities and business to create tourist and recreational zones2. In this regard, a promising tourist destination is the Russian Arctic, where the Russian Arctic National Park, Franz Josef Land Federal Reserve, Solovki Museum Reserve, Kenozero National Park, Khibiny National Park are located. The main challenges o f tourism development in the Russian programme area are the remoteness o f tourist attractions and regions as a whole, the undeveloped transport system, the high cost of accommodation, meals, and tourist services. The insufficient qualification o f the hospitality industry staff, as well as the low degree o f local residents’ involvement in the tourism industry are also to be noted. The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an increase in domestic tourism in 2020, thereby increasing anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems. Thus, it is important to implement the principles o f sustainable tourism development in order to make the most efficient use o f the tourist potential o f the programme territories, which will give an impetus to the economic, social and environmental stability o f the regions. To increase the tourist attractiveness o f the regions, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for development o f tourist clusters and infrastructure, the quality o f tourist services, as well as involvement o f local communities and businesses in the tourist industry. 1Murmansk Regions’s State Program “Economic Potential” https://docs.cntd.ru/document/570988700; Strategy of socio-economic development of Murmansk Region until 2020 and for the period until 2025. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/ 465602093: Strategy of socio-economic development of Nenets Autonomous District for the period until 2030. enacted by the resolution of the Meeting of Deputies of Nenets Autonomous District dated 22.06.2010 N 134-sd. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/441760904;Nenets Autonomous District State Program “Development of Investment, Entrepreneurship and Tounsm in Nenets Autonomous District” https://docs.cntd.ru/document/411703150 (as amended on April 16, 2021) https://docs.cntd.ni/document' 574701588: On the enactment of the Concept for the Development of Tourism in Arkhangelsk Region. Enacted by the Resolution of the Government of Arkhangelsk Region dated January 19. 2021 No. 1-p. 2On the enactment of the Concept for the Development of Tourism in Arkhangelsk Region. Enacted by the Resolution of the Government of Arkhangelsk Region dated January 19, 2021 No. 1-p. 30