Боровичев Е.А. Мохообразные заповедника "Пасвик". Петрозаводск, 2018.

кальцийсодержащих горных пород, мягкий и влажный климат, разнообразие микроместообитаний благоприятствуют формиро ­ ванию довольно богатой флоры мохообразных. >!<>;<>;< The Pasvik State Nature Reserve is situated between 69°07 '-69°25 ' N and 29°17'-29°57' E, in the North-West of Russia and in the no rth ­ western part of the Murmansk Region (Fig. 1). The protected area occupies 146.8 km2 (land area - 117 km2). The Reserve stretches as a narrow, 44 km long, belt along the east bank of the Paz River along the Russian-Norwegian border. Geologically, the Reserve lies on the no rthern margin of the Fennoscandian (Baltic) shield composed by ancient bedrock (granite, granite gneiss, gneiss, diorite, dacite, gabbro, amphibolite, schist, and others). The crystalline basement is covered by Quaternary sediments bu t at places it can be observed cropping out to the surface. The relief is formed by glaciation, denudation and tectonic processes. Numerous moraine hills and ridges (rising less th an 200 m above the sea level) alternate with depressions. Absolute elevations of the Reserve are Kalkupya Mt. (357 m alt.) and Kaskama Mt. (351 m alt.), and also Korablekk Mt. (386 m alt.) in its vicinity. The climate is predominantly affected by the North Atlantic and the Polar Arctic front (Alisov, 1969). Extremal temperatures drop to -4 3 °C in winter and rise to +33 °C in summer. The average annual air temperature is about 0 °C. Precipitation in the warm season makes up 70% of its mean annual amount (550-600 mm). The average duration of the frost-free period is 97 days, the snow depth reaches 40 -60 cm. The main waterway of the Pasvik Reserve is the Paz River. The river stream spreads at many places (lakes Heyuhenyarvi, Bossoyavre, etc.). In 1950-1978, five Russian and two Norwegian (Skugfoss and Melkefoss dams) hydropower stations were built on the largest of the Paz River rapids. The flow of the Menikkajoki River is regulated by a dam (Glukhaya plotina). There are 25 lakes in the Reserve the biggest of which is Kaskamayarvi. The soil cover in the Reserve is highly varied due to topography and the types of Quaternary rocks. The dom inant soil subtypes are thin illuvial-ferruginous and illuvial-humus podzols. 16