Afanasyeva, A. Forced relocations of the Kola Sámi people: background and consequences / by Anna Afanasyeva. - Tromsø: University of Tromsø, 2013. - 82 p.: ill., map, portr.

37 A: Why did you move from Jokanga? Informant H: [...] because there was a military border zone established, and then [Čal’mne Varre.; author’s note] was closer to ours ... Reindeer were migrating, and in the resolution passes were issued. And we were given a pass to move us [in Čal’mne Varre.; author’s note] and not detain us reindeer herders. They had a special book for recording who went. This was during the war [...] then from Čal’mne Varre we moved to Krasnoščel’e. The relocation of Jokanga village was implemented by the Murmansk Regional Executive Committee 121 as the result of the amalgamation policy mentioned in chapter three of the study. The population of the settlement was supposed to be relocated to the Lovozero district . Some of the smaller settlements and state farms, such as Lumbovka village, were relocated twice: Informant I: According to the resolution, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR from the 26th of December 1962, the village councils and settlements have been transferred to the Lovozero district and Gremiha was transferred to jurisdiction of the Severomorsk city council. Jokanga stopped functioning as a settlement. There was still the local branch of the state farm, my mother still worked there, and in 1961 everybody was already gone. In 1950, in connection with the amalgamation of collective farms Lumbovskij village council stopped functioning and its farm was moved to Jokanga. A: Where did everyone go from Lumbovka village? Informant I: They moved to Jokanga, and then from Jokanga some moved to Gremiha, some to Lovozero, and some moved where they were able to. Those who left were not provided with the new apartments, most people were not provided with housing, and the majority found jobs in Gremiha. When there was possibility, they lived in the barracks, because there was no private housing. Varre. The decision of Murmansk Regional Executive Committee on 16.12.1960 abolished Čal’mne Varre village council from 01.01.1961 and its territory was transferred under the jurisdiction of Krasnoščel’e village council. The population was relocated from Čal’mne Varre to Krasnoščel’e village. Čal’mne Varre was eliminated and deleted from the list of the settlements on 31.08.71. (GAMO.Fund 285, Op. 3, d. 247). 120 Krasnoščel’e, village of the Lovozero district. The village was located on the left bank of the river Ponoj, to east of the river mouth El’jogk, 30 km from the village Čal’mne Varre. It was founded in 1921 by the Komi herders from Lovozero. According to the population census in 1926 the village enumerated 78 persons and in 1938 - 192 people (Komi Izhemtsy). In 1930 the reindeer herding farm was organized since 1934 - the farm “Krasnoščel’e”. (Geographical dictionary of the Kola Peninsula, 1939:49). 121 In 1920’s Jokanga was the center of several villages and the central administrative point of the Jokangskij Village Council of workers, peasants and deputies of the Red Army and fishermen of the Ponoj volost in the Murmansk province of the Arkhangelsk County. On the 13 th of June, 1921 in connection with the formation of the province, Jokanga became the national village council of the Ponoj volost in the Murmansk province. On the 1 st of June 1936 in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR the Ponoj district was renamed the Sámi district. The Sámi district was abolished in 1963 by the decision of the Murmansk Regional Executive Committee on 02.02.1962 Protocol № 48. The Jokangskij village council became a part of the Lovozero district. (GAMO.Fund285,Op.4 d. 41 № 200).